The More, the Merrier? - How Adding and Removing Game Design Elements Impact Motivation and Performance in a Gamification Environment
The More, the Merrier? - How Adding and Removing Game Design Elements Impact Motivation and Performance in a Gamification Environment
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DOI：
10.1080/10447318.2020.1870828
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Christopher Groening;C. Binnewies
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文献类型：
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作者：
Christopher Groening;C. Binnewies
抽象游戏化通过将游戏设计元素隐含到应用程序、活动和服务中而成为一种成熟的技术。我们通过添加和删除游戏设计元素来考察游戏设计元素的数量对认知任务中动机和绩效的影响。我们在三个在线实验(N=440)中操纵了游戏设计元素的数量，在重复测量设计中，既有受试者之间的实验，也有受试者内部的实验。结果表明，更多的游戏设计元素对动机和绩效有更高的好处。曲线关系暗示了游戏设计元素的潜在门槛，游戏化必须达到这个门槛才能生效。从正在进行的任务中移除游戏设计元素并不会导致性能下降。基于自我决定理论，研究结果表明，能力和关联性是游戏化积极效应的核心机制。我们的结论是，大量的游戏设计元素有利于激励和绩效。
ABSTRACT Gamification became a well-established technique by implicating game design elements into applications, activities, and services. We investigate the impact of the amount of game design elements on motivation and performance in cognitive tasks by adding and removing game design elements. We manipulated the amount of game design elements in three online experiments (N = 440), both between-subjects as well as within-subjects in a repeated measure design. Results suggest that more game design elements provide higher benefits for motivation and performance. A curvilinear relationship suggests a potential threshold of game design elements, which has to be met for gamification to become effective. Removing game design elements from the ongoing task did not result in a decline of performance. Based on Self-Determination theory, results indicate toward competence and relatedness being core mechanics underlying the positive effects of gamification. We conclude that a high amount of game design elements benefits motivation and performance.