Parent-child hostility and child and adolescent depression symptoms: the direction of effects, role of genetic factors and gender
Parent-child hostility and child and adolescent depression symptoms: the direction of effects, role of genetic factors and gender
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DOI：
10.1007/s00787-013-0460-4
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Harold, Gordon T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewis, Gemma;Collishaw, Stephan;Harold, Gordon T.
确定抑郁途径中的环境风险因素是一个重要的研究目标。为了扩展先前的研究，排除其他解释因素的设计；需要进行遗传影响和反向因果关系，并允许对父母和子女的性别进行测试。本研究使用两个不同的样本来解决这些问题。采用316个纵向社区样本（157个男孩，159个女孩），在时间1为11-12岁（平均11.7），时间2为12-13岁（平均12.7），以检验父母敌意与儿童和青少年抑郁症状之间的影响方向。1075对双胞胎的基因敏感样本；采用653例12-20岁的异卵（男135例，女183例，异性335例）和422例单卵（男180例，女242例）（平均16.12岁），对父母敌意是否有环境影响进行了研究。按父母和子女性别分别进行分析。通过交叉滞后面板分析，发现母女敌意与抑郁症状之间存在纵向和双向的关联，母女之间存在相互作用。对双胞胎样本的行为遗传分析显示，母亲的敌意和女儿的抑郁症状之间存在显著的环境联系，这与遗传因素无关。在女儿的抑郁症状和父亲的敌意之间发现了显著的途径，而不是相反。这种关联是由行为遗传分析中的遗传因素所解释的。研究结果为抑郁症症状的环境风险途径提供了证据，并确定了根据父母和儿童性别的变化模式。结果讨论了相关的潜在解释过程和临床意义。
Identifying environmental risk factors in the pathway to depression is an important research goal. To extend prior research, designs that rule out alternative explanatory factors; genetic effects and reverse causation, and permit tests of both parent and child gender are required. The present study used two different samples to address these issues. A longitudinal community sample of 316 families (157 boys, 159 girls) aged 11-12 years (mean 11.7) at Time 1 and 12-13 years at Time 2 (mean 12.7) was used to test the direction of effects between parent hostility and child and adolescent depression symptoms. A genetically sensitive sample of 1,075 twin pairs; 653 dizygotic (135 male, 183 female, 335 opposite sex) and 422 monozygotic (180 male and 242 female) aged 12-20 years (mean 16.12) was used to test whether parent hostility had environmental effects. Analyses were conducted separately by parent and child gender. Using cross-lagged panel analyses, the association between mother-daughter hostility and depression symptoms was found to be longitudinal and bidirectional with reciprocal effects between mothers and daughters. Behavioural genetic analyses in the twin sample revealed a significant environmental link between mother hostility and symptoms of daughter depression independent of genetic factors. A significant pathway was found between daughter depressive symptoms and father hostility but not vice versa. This association was accounted for by genetic factors in behavioural genetic analyses. Findings provide evidence of an environmental risk pathway to depression symptoms and identify patterns of variation according to parent and child gender. Results are discussed in relation to underlying explanatory processes and clinical implications.