EFFECTS OF PREINTERACTION EXPECTANCIES AND TARGET COMMUNICATION ON PERCEIVER RECIPROCITY AND COMPENSATION IN DYADIC INTERACTION
EFFECTS OF PREINTERACTION EXPECTANCIES AND TARGET COMMUNICATION ON PERCEIVER RECIPROCITY AND COMPENSATION IN DYADIC INTERACTION
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DOI：
10.1006/jesp.1995.1014
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发表时间：
1995-07-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
ROSENTHAL, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BURGOON, JK;LEPOIRE, BA;ROSENTHAL, R
本研究探讨了社会交往中期望和目标沟通对感知者行为的影响。互惠和补偿是人际交往中两种常见的适应模式，这两种适应模式都可能发生在对另一个人的交往行为的反应或预期中。战略沟通模型预测，知觉诱导举行preinteraction的期望将回报预期愉快的行为，但补偿预期不愉快的行为。互动适应理论认为，感知者会根据目标的实际（而不是预期）交流来调整自己的行为，将期望的行为作为一种强化的方式，并将补偿不期望的行为作为一种模仿偏好模式的方式。期望违背理论认为，互动模式的选择也会受到目标的奖励性的调节。一个实验交叉的积极和消极的preinteraction预期大大增加愉快（积极的侵犯）或减少愉快（消极的侵犯）的目标同伙。总体而言，结果最符合人际适应理论的解释，也有一定的影响，由于目标价和违规状态。感知者与愉快的目标互动，最初和随着时间的推移，互惠增加愉快。那些与不愉快的目标互动的人（a）平均采用较低水平的愉快/参与，（B）在通道特定的措施上表现出适度的补偿或不适应，但随着时间的推移，在全球的措施上表现出互惠性，（c）当不愉快的行为遵循积极的期望时，表现出最大的补偿。相互作用前的预期产生了适度的影响，但相对于缺乏预期，确实会强化或削弱结果，这一结论得到了组内相关性分析的证实。(C)出版社：Academic Press
The current investigation examined the influence of expectancies and target communication on perceiver behavior during social interaction. Two common adaptation patterns in interpersonal interaction are reciprocity and compensation, both of which may occur in response to another's interaction behavior or in anticipation of it. Expectancy signaling literature predicts that perceivers should initially reciprocate the behaviors they expect from a target. Strategic communication models predict that perceivers induced to hold preinteraction expectancies will reciprocate expected pleasant behavior but compensate for anticipated unpleasant behavior. Interaction adaptation theories hold that perceivers will adapt their behavior to the target's actual (rather than expected) communication, reciprocating desired behavior as a way of reinforcing it and compensating undesired behavior as a way of modeling the preferred pattern, Expectancy violations theory holds that the choice of interaction pattern will also be moderated by the rewardingness of the target. An experiment crossed positive and negative preinteraction expectancies with greatly increased pleasantness (a positive violation) or decreased pleasantness (a negative violation) by target confederates. Overall, results conformed most closely to the interpersonal adaptation theory explanation, with some influence also due to target valence and violation status. Perceivers interacting with pleasant targets reciprocated increased pleasantness initially and over time. Those interacting with unpleasant targets (a) matched the target in adopting a lower level of pleasantness/involvement on average, (b) showed modest compensation or nonadaptation on channel-specific measures but reciprocity on global ones over time, and (c) showed the most compensation when the unpleasant behavior followed a positive expectancy. Preinteraction expectancies yielded modest effects but did intensify or attenuate results relative to their absence, a conclusion corroborated by intraclass correlation analyses. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc.