A geometric covering lemma and nodal sets of eigenfunctions

A geometric covering lemma and nodal sets of eigenfunctions
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几何覆盖引理和特征函数的节点集

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发表时间:
2011
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通讯作者:
G. Lu
G. Lu
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作者:
X. Han;G. Lu

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抽象的。本文的主要目的有两个方面。一方面,我们证明了欧氏空间Rn中的一个sharper覆盖引理(定理1.5),其中n ≥ 2。另一方面,我们应用这个覆盖引理改进了当λ较大时,n维黎曼流形上满足4u + λ u = 0的特征函数u的BMO和节点集的体积估计的已有结果(见定理1.7,1.8)。我们还改进了函数q =|拉乌|2 + λ nu2(见定理1.10)。我们的覆盖引理使早期的结果更加尖锐,并且相当接近我们所期望的最优结果(猜想1.6)。1.设M是光滑、紧致、连通的无边界黎曼流形。设4表示M上的拉普拉斯算子。设u是4u + λ u = 0,λ> 1的解,即,u是具有特征值λ的特征函数。u的节点集N被定义为点x ∈ M的集合,其中u(x)= 0。则在奇异集合S ={x| u(x)= 0,<$u(x)= 0},N是M的正则(n − 1)维子流形.本文主要讨论欧氏空间R中的一个几何覆盖引理
Abstract. The main purpose of this paper is two-fold. On one hand, we prove a sharpercovering lemma in Euclidean space R n for all n ≥ 2 (see Theorem 1.5). On the otherhand, we apply this covering lemma to improve existing results for BMO and volumeestimates of nodal sets for eigenfunctions u satisfying 4u + λu = 0 on n-dimensionalRiemannian manifolds when λ is large (see Theorems 1.7, 1.8). We also improve theBMO estimates for the function q = |∇u| 2 + λn u 2 (see Theorem 1.10). Our coveringlemma sharpens substantially earlier results and is fairly close to the optimal one we canexpect (Conjecture 1.6). 1. IntroductionLet M be a smooth, compact and connected Riemannian manifold without bound-ary. Let 4 denote the Laplacian on M. Assume throughout this paper that u is thesolution to 4u + λu = 0, λ > 1, i.e., u is an eigenfunction with eigenvalue λ. Thenodal set N of u is defined to be the set of points x ∈ M where u(x) = 0. Then out-side the singular set S = {x|u(x) = 0,∇u(x) = 0}, N is a regular (n−1)-dimensionalsubmanifold of M. The main focus of the current paper concerns a geometric cover-ing lemma in the Euclidean space R