Visuospatial perception, construction and memory in alcoholism
Visuospatial perception, construction and memory in alcoholism
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.1996.57.136
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发表时间：
1996-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tivis, LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beatty, WW;Hames, KA;Tivis, LJ
目的：从自我中心取向与异中心取向、特征分析与构形分析、类别与坐标空间判断这三种空间信息加工概念的角度，分析近期戒酒者的视觉空间认知。方法：对28名慢性酗酒者（男19名，女9名）与20名年龄和教育程度相当的对照组（男10名，女10名）进行了视觉空间扫描、建构、心理意象、顺行和远程空间记忆的一系列测试。测试在酗酒者进入治疗后21-40天进行。结果：酗酒者在视觉空间扫描、视觉图像构建、视觉图像信息利用和操作以及顺行空间记忆三项测试中表现出损伤，但对远程空间记忆没有显著影响。他们在异中心取向、特征分析和构形分析上存在明显的缺陷，但在自我中心取向、范畴和坐标空间判断上没有一致的缺陷。结论：酗酒者表现出的空间认知缺陷似乎不是由任何局部大脑区域的功能障碍引起的。在空间信息处理的基本方面，如扫描和视觉图像的使用，发现了小但潜在重要的损伤。这些缺陷的实证基础和临床意义有待进一步研究。
Objective: To analyze visuospatial cognition in recently detoxified alcoholics from the perspectives of three ways of conceptualizing spatial information processing: egocentric versus allocentric orientation, featural versus configural analysis, and categorical versus coordinate spatial judgments. Method: Twenty-eight chronic alcoholics (19 men, 9 women) were compared to 20 (10 men, 10 women) controls of comparable age and education on a battery of tests of visuospatial scanning, construction, mental imagery, and anterograde and remote spatial memory. Tests were administered 21-40 days after alcoholics entered treatment. Results: Alcoholics displayed impairment in visuospatial scanning, contruction, utilizing and manipulating information from visual images and on three tests of anterograde spatial memory, but remote spatial memory was not significantly affected. Their deficits were evident on some measures of allocentric orientation, featural and configural analysis, but consistent deficits on egocentric orientation or categorical or coordinate spatial judgments were not seen. Conclusions: Deficits in spatial cognition exhibited by alcoholics do not seem to arise from dysfunction in any localized brain region. Small but potentially important impairments in fundamental aspects of spatial information processing such as scanning and use of visual imagery were found. The empirical basis and clinical significance of these deficits requires further study.