Flying the Fly: Long-range Flight Behavior of Drosophila melanogaster to Attractive Odors
Flying the Fly: Long-range Flight Behavior of Drosophila melanogaster to Attractive Odors
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DOI：
10.1007/s10886-010-9794-2
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Witzgall, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Becher, Paul G.;Bengtsson, Marie;Witzgall, Peter
果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster Meigen，双翅目：果蝇科）是动物如何感知、辨别和响应化学信号的模型。然而，与D.我们对嗅觉受体配体的行为活性的认识主要依赖于近距离吸引，而不是远距离定向行为。我们开发了一种飞行试验，将化学感觉感知与行为联系起来。在15分钟的实验期间，醋的顶空挥发物吸引了62%的苍蝇。苍蝇的反应与年龄、性别和交配状态无关，只要它们被饿死就行。为了确定醋中与行为相关的化学物质，我们比较了醋和合成化学物质的反应。通过压电喷雾器以已知和恒定的释放速率施加刺激。超级Q捕获醋挥发物的再蒸发甲醇提取物吸引了和醋一样多的苍蝇。醋的主要挥发性成分乙酸作为单一化合物引起显著的吸引。另外两种醋挥发物，2-苯基乙醇和乙偶姻，产生协同效应时，加入乙酸。土臭素，一种微生物异味，减少了对醋的吸引力。这种基于明显和明确的行为反应的风洞试验为生理学和生态学相关气味的调查提供了必要的解决方案，并将成为D.黑腹动物嗅觉系统
The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is a model for how animals sense, discriminate, and respond to chemical signals. However, with D. melanogaster our knowledge of the behavioral activity of olfactory receptor ligands has relied largely on close-range attraction, rather than on long-range orientation behavior. We developed a flight assay to relate chemosensory perception to behavior. Headspace volatiles from vinegar attracted 62% of assayed flies during a 15-min experimental period. Flies responded irrespective of age, sex, and mating state, provided they had been starved. To identify behaviorally relevant chemicals from vinegar, we compared the responses to vinegar and synthetic chemicals. Stimuli were applied by a piezoelectric sprayer at known and constant release rates. Re-vaporized methanol extracts of Super Q-trapped vinegar volatiles attracted as many flies as vinegar. The main volatile component of vinegar, acetic acid, elicited significant attraction as a single compound. Two other vinegar volatiles, 2-phenyl ethanol and acetoin, produced a synergistic effect when added to acetic acid. Geosmin, a microbiological off-flavor, diminished attraction to vinegar. This wind tunnel assay based on a conspicuous and unambiguous behavioral response provides the necessary resolution for the investigation of physiologically and ecologically relevant odors and will become an essential tool for the functional analysis of the D. melanogaster olfactory system.