Seeing words in context: the interaction of lexical and sentence level information during reading
Seeing words in context: the interaction of lexical and sentence level information during reading
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2003.10.022
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Doedens, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hoeks, JCJ;Stowe, LA;Doedens, G
本文报道的ERP实验解决了一些关于词处理的悬而未决的问题：（1）是否只有“消息级”表征（结合词汇语义和句法约束的句子意义表征）影响输入词的处理[J. Exp.心理学：学习.记忆认知20（1994）92]？(2)是词汇指定的多个词之间的语义相关性的主要因素，而不是[J。心理学：学习.记忆认知15（1989）791]？(3)或者，在句子理解过程中，单词和句子层面的信息是否相互作用？志愿者阅读句子（例如，荷兰语句子类似于标枪是由运动员.）其中词汇项的（被动）句法结构和语义内容一起产生了对特定最后单词的强烈期望（例如，thrown），还有句法结构从被动变为主动的句子（例如荷兰语句子类似于The javelin has the athletes.），这实质上改变了消息级别约束，并且大大降低了消息级别约束。任何特定的完成的期望。有一半的句子以最后一个词结尾，相对于前面的内容词（例如，投掷，与前面的标枪和运动员很好地匹配）具有良好的词汇语义匹配。这在强约束上下文中创建了非常合理的句子，但在弱约束上下文中创建了语义异常的句子（例如，标枪让运动员们投掷出去）。在另一半中，最后一个词的词汇语义匹配度很差（例如，总结说，不适合在所有与标枪和运动员）。好的词汇语义匹配的结尾在强和弱信息水平限制句中的N400振幅没有差异，尽管后者是语义异常的。这一结果表明，词汇语义匹配可以更重要的字处理比句子的意义所确定的句法结构，至少在最初。然而，这些条件在P600区域确实有所不同，在该区域，异常的弱约束版本更加积极，这种模式通常见于不合语法的句子。词汇语义匹配差的词的加工表现出完全不同的模式;在强约束句和弱约束句中，它们都引起了显著的N400效应，但在强约束上下文之后，N400幅度显著更负，即使两个句子上下文都是同样异常的。综上所述，这些研究结果提供了证据的重要性，在句子理解的消息和词汇语义信息。句子解释理论的影响进行了讨论，并提出了一个扩展的消息为基础的假设。(C)2003 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
The ERP experiment reported here addresses some outstanding questions regarding word processing in sentential contexts: (1) Does only the 'message-level' representation (the representation of sentence meaning combining lexico-semantic and syntactic constraints) affect the processing of the incoming word [J. Exp. Psychol.: Learn. Mem. Cogn. 20 (1994) 92]? (2) Is lexically specified semantic relatedness between multiple words the primary factor instead [J. Exp. Psychol.: Learn. Mem. Cogn. 15 (1989) 791]? (3) Alternatively, do word and sentence level information interact during sentence comprehension? Volunteers read sentences (e.g. Dutch sentences resembling The javelin was by the athletes...) in which the (passive) syntactic structure and the semantic content of the lexical items together created a strong expectation of a specific final word (e.g., thrown), but also sentences in which the syntactic structure was changed from passive to active (e.g. Dutch sentences resembling The javelin has the athletes...), which altered the message level constraint substantially and strongly reduced. the expectation of any particular completion. Half of the sentences ended in a final word with a good lexico-semantic fit relative to the preceding content words (e.g. thrown, fitting well with the preceding javelin and athletes). This creates very plausible sentences in the strong constraint context but semantically anomalous ones in the weakly constraining context (e.g., The javelin has the athletes thrown). In the other half the final word had a poor lexico-semantic fit (e.g., summarized that does not fit at all with javelin and athletes). Good lexico-semantic fit endings showed no difference in N400 amplitude in the strong and weak message-level constraint sentences, despite the fact that the latter were semantically anomalous. This result suggests that lexico-semantic fit can be more important for word processing than the meaning of the sentence as determined by the syntactic structure, at least initially. These conditions did differ, however, in the region of the P600 where the anomalous weak constraint version was much more positive, a pattern usually seen with ungrammatical sentences. The processing of poor lexicosemantic fit words showed a quite different pattern; in both strong and weak constraint sentences they elicited a substantial N400 effect, but N400-amplitude was significantly more negative following strong constraint contexts, even though both sentence contexts were equivalently anomalous. Taken together, these findings provide evidence for the importance of both message-level and lexico-semantic information during sentence comprehension. The implications for theories of sentence interpretation are discussed and an extension of the message-based hypothesis will be proposed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.