Urban Ambient Particle Metrics and Health A Time-series Analysis
Urban Ambient Particle Metrics and Health A Time-series Analysis
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DOI：
10.1097/ede.0b013e3181debc88
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Armstrong, Ben
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Atkinson, Richard W.;Fuller, Gary W.;Armstrong, Ben
背景：流行病学证据表明，暴露在环境颗粒物中会对健康产生不利影响。然而，关于这种颗粒混合物的哪些成分(大小、数量、来源、毒性)与健康最相关，人们知之甚少。我们调查了一系列颗粒物指标与伦敦每日死亡和入院人数的关系。方法：2000年至2005年，从伦敦市中心的一个背景监测站收集了颗粒物质量(PM10、PM2.5和PM10-2.5)的日浓度，以及颗粒物的数量浓度和颗粒物组成(碳、硫酸盐、硝酸盐和氯化物)，这些浓度使用重力、锥形元件振荡和过滤动态测量系统采样器测量。同期伦敦医院的所有原因和特定原因的死亡和紧急入院人数也被收集起来。使用泊松回归时间序列模型进行分析。结果：不同结果和滞后的结果并不一致。颗粒物浓度与每日死亡率和入院人数相关，尤其是心血管疾病滞后1天；颗粒物浓度增加(10,166n/cm(3))与心血管死亡和入院人数分别增加2.2%(95%可信区间=0.6%至3.8%)和0.6%(-0.4%至1.7%)相关。二次污染物，特别是非主要PM2.5、硝酸盐和硫酸盐对呼吸产物的影响更为重要。结论：本研究提供了一些证据，表明大气污染物颗粒物的特定成分可能与特定疾病有关。然而，解释应该谨慎，特别是因为暴露是基于来自单一中央位置监测点的数据。无论是在伦敦还是在其他地方，都需要复制更全面的风险敞口数据。
Background: Epidemiologic evidence suggests that exposure to ambient particulate matter is associated with adverse health effects. Little is known, however, about which components of the particulate mixture (size, number, source, toxicity) are most relevant to health. We investigated associations of a range of particle metrics with daily deaths and hospital admissions in London.Methods: Daily concentrations of particle mass (PM10, PM2.5, and PM10-2.5), measured using gravimetric, tapered-element-oscillating, and filter-dynamic-measurement-system samplers, as well as particle number concentration and particle composition (carbon, sulfate, nitrate and chloride), were collected from a background monitoring station in central London between 2000 and 2005. All-cause and cause-specific deaths and emergency admissions to hospital in London for the same period were also collected. A Poisson regression time-series model was used in the analysis.Results: The results were not consistent across the various outcomes and lags. Particle number concentration was associated with daily mortality and admissions, particularly for cardiovascular diseases lagged 1-day; increases in particle number concentration (10,166 n/cm(3)) were associated with 2.2% (95% confidence interval = 0.6% to 3.8%) and 0.6% (-0.4% to 1.7%) increases in cardiovascular deaths and admissions, respectively. Secondary pollutants, especially nonprimary PM2.5, nitrate and sulfate, were more important for respiratory outcomes.Conclusions: This study provides some evidence that specific components of the particle mixture for air pollutants may be relevant to specific diseases. Interpretation should be cautious, however, in particular because exposures were based upon data from a single centrally located monitoring site. There is a need for replication with more comprehensive exposure data, both in London and elsewhere.