Effects of stress on fish reproduction, gamete quality, and progeny
Effects of stress on fish reproduction, gamete quality, and progeny
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DOI：
10.1016/s0044-8486(01)00580-4
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Fitzpatrick, MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schreck, CB;Contreras-Sanchez, W;Fitzpatrick, MS
不同种类的鱼类对压力的耐受性不同。这意味着，对于一个特定的压力，严重程度可能会有所不同，这取决于它被应用到的物种。不同物种对压力的生理反应和生殖后果可能不同。例如，干扰或处理可能会影响繁殖的时间，加速或延迟，视情况而定，在物种，如虹鳟鱼（虹鳟鱼）;然而，罗非鱼（尼罗罗非鱼）响应加速或完全抑制繁殖，这取决于成熟阶段时的压力。应对压力的策略影响生殖适合度，无论是在配子或后代质量。与成熟和产卵相关的生理学似乎与应激生理学紧密相关。环境变量，特别是营养，最终影响配子质量和生殖时间。在物种内部和物种之间，对压力的生理反应也是相当多态的。对于践踏，循环浓度的主要应激反应因子皮质醇之间的休息和强调虹鳟鱼股票有很大的不同。免疫能力会受到压力的影响，降低亲鱼的生殖适合度。我们建议，产妇系统已经开发出缓冲鸡蛋的有害后果的压力，包括调节转移的物质的母体来源的鸡蛋和机制控制繁殖的时间。营养压力的影响是缓和的影响的时间的第一次成熟或随后的生殖事件和/或维护质量的一些鸡蛋通过闭锁的人。通过限制皮质醇等物质进入鸡蛋，可能会防止鸡蛋中有害的过量物质。许多病原体的垂直传播似乎存在障碍，而母体来源的免疫保护，以协助预防从父母或直接产卵后感染的病原体的疾病。包括青春期、闭锁、成熟和排卵在内的生殖事件的时间受到对压力做出反应的其他生理变量的影响。了解压力源如何影响一个物种的生理机能，可以帮助开发管理策略，减轻压力源的影响，甚至有助于开发治疗方法。出版社：Elsevier Science B. V.
Different taxa of fish have different tolerances to stress. This implies that for a particular stressor, severity may vary depending on the species to which it was applied. Species may differ in the nature of their physiological response and reproductive consequences to stressors. For example, disturbance or handling may affect the timing of reproduction-accelerating or delaying it as the case may be-in species such as rainbow trout (Oncorrhynchus mykiss); however, tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) respond by acceleration or complete inhibition of reproduction, depending on the maturational stage when the stressor is experienced. Strategies for coping with stress affect reproductive fitness either in terms of gamete or progeny quality. The physiology associated with maturation and spawning appears tightly coupled with stress physiology. Environmental variables, particularly nutrition, are ultimately important in affecting gamete quality and reproductive timing. The physiological response to stressors is also quite polymorphic, within and between species. For trample, the circulating concentration of the primary stress response factor cortisol varies greatly among resting and among stressed rainbow trout stocks. Immunocapacity can be influenced by stress, reducing reproductive fitness of broodfish. We propose that maternal systems have been developed to buffer eggs from deleterious consequences of stressors, including regulation of transfer of substances of maternal origin to the egg and in mechanisms controlling the timing of reproduction. Effects of nutritional stressors are moderated by effects on timing of first maturity or subsequent reproductive events and/or by maintenance of quality of some eggs via atresia of others. Deleterious overload of eggs with substances such as cortisol is likely prevented by limiting entry of these compounds into the eggs. Barriers to vertical transmission of numerous pathogens seem to exist, while maternally derived immune protection is provided to assist with disease prevention of pathogenic organisms acquired from parents or by direct post-spawning infection. Timing of reproductive events including puberty, atresia, maturation and ovulation are influenced by other physiological variables responsive to stressors. Knowledge of how a stressor might affect the physiology of a species can help in development of management tactics that lessen the impact of a stressor or even in the development of therapeutants. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.