Interspecific Larval Competition Differentially Impacts Adult Survival in Dengue Vectors
Interspecific Larval Competition Differentially Impacts Adult Survival in Dengue Vectors
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DOI：
10.1093/jme/tju062
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Ortiz, Sara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alto, Barry W.;Bettinardi, David J.;Ortiz, Sara
由于高密度和营养限制，蚊子经常经历幼虫之间的种内和种间竞争，特别是容器蚊子，包括埃及伊蚊(Aedes Aegypti(L.)和白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus(Skuse)。对幼虫的密度依赖效应影响成虫的生产和成虫的特征，影响虫媒病毒的传播。为了更好地理解密度依赖影响传播的机制并确定物种特有的特征，我们检验了假设：1)有利于Ae的竞争不对称性。白纹伊蚊Ae.埃及伊蚊意味着成年女性存活率的改变，以及2)Ae。埃及伊蚊的成年雌性比埃及伊蚊更能抵抗低湿度条件下的寿命缩短效应。白纹伊蚊。我们测量了种间和种内幼虫在高湿度和低湿度(分别为77%和44%相对湿度)条件下对成虫存活的相对影响。对于Ae.白纹伊蚊，种内竞争而不是种间竞争通常会降低成虫在两种湿度条件下的存活率。对于Ae.埃及伊蚊的种内和种间竞争都降低了成虫的存活率。天哪。种间竞争对白纹伊蚊成虫存活的影响很小。Aegypti，与观察到的Ae.白纹伊蚊是最好的竞争者。物种比较表明，Ae.埃及伊蚊与埃及伊蚊相比具有较强的生存优势。白纹伊蚊在低湿度和高湿度条件下均可生长。然而，在某些情况下，这些伊蚊物种的生存情况相似，这取决于在水生和陆地环境中所经历的条件。这些结果证明了登革热和基孔肯雅病毒载体存活率的可塑性，以及考虑未成熟阶段的生物相互作用和成虫阶段非生物条件的影响的意义。
Mosquitoes often experience intraspecific and interspecific competition among larvae attributable to high densities and nutrient limitation, especially container mosquitoes including Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Density-dependent effects on larvae impact adult production and adult traits that influence transmission of arboviruses. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which density-dependence influences transmission and identify species-specific traits, we tested the hypotheses: 1) Competitive asymmetry in favor of Ae. albopictus over Ae. aegypti translates to altered adult female survival, and 2) Ae. aegypti adult females are more resistant to life-shortening effects of low-humidity conditions than Ae. albopictus. We gauged the relative impact of inter-and intraspecific larval competition on adult survival in high-and low-humidity regimes (77 and 44% relative humidity, respectively). For Ae. albopictus, intraspecific but not interspecific competition usually reduced adult survival under both humidity regimes. For Ae. aegypti, both intraspecific and interspecific competition reduced adult survival. Ae. albopictus adult survival was minimally influenced by interspecific competition with Ae. aegypti, consistent with observations that Ae. albopictus is the superior competitor. A species comparison indicated that Ae. aegypti exhibited a survival advantage relative to Ae. albopictus under both low-and high-humidity conditions. However, similar survival of these Aedes species was observed in some cases depending on conditions experienced in both the aquatic and terrestrial environments. These results demonstrate plasticity in survival rates of dengue and chikungunya vectors and the significance of considering the influence of biological interactions during the immature stages and abiotic conditions during the adult stage.