Attention Shifts Recruit the Monkey Default Mode Network
Attention Shifts Recruit the Monkey Default Mode Network
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1111-17.2017
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发表时间：
2018-01-31
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Vanduffel, Wim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arsenault, John T.;Caspari, Natalie;Vanduffel, Wim
一个统一的功能与默认模式网络（DMN），这是更活跃的休息期间比活跃的任务条件下，一直难以定义。DMN在监测外部世界的意外事件时被激活，作为哨兵，当人类从事高级别的内部集中任务时。DMN在其他物种（如小鼠）中的存在相关性挑战了这样一种观点，即内部集中的高级认知操作，如内省，自传体记忆检索，计划未来和预测他人的想法，是进化上保留的DMN定义属性。最近的一项人类研究表明，要求高的认知转变可以招募DMN，但尚不清楚这是否适用于非人类物种。因此，我们测试了认知环境的巨大变化是否会在雌性和雄性非人灵长类动物中招募DMN区域。这种变化是通过基于内部相关规则（空间位移）的空间注意力权重位移与在同一位置维持注意力权重（停留事件）进行比较来测量的。在猕猴的功能性磁共振成像中，我们发现了一个皮质网络，在转换过程中被激活，在很大程度上与DMN重叠。此外，从独立定义的DMN焦点采样的功能磁共振成像时间过程中表现出显着的移位选择性在要求注意任务。最后，独立的静息状态数据的基础上的功能聚类显示，DMN和转移区域聚集在一起，而在逗留期间激活的区域聚集分开。因此，我们认为灵长类动物的认知转变通常会招募DMN区域。这可能解释了许多以认知灵活性下降为特征的神经系统疾病中DMN的崩溃。
A unifying function associated with the default mode network (DMN), which is more active during rest than under active task conditions, has been difficult to define. The DMN is activated during monitoring the external world for unexpected events, as a sentinel, and when humans are engaged in high-level internally focused tasks. The existence of DMN correlates in other species, such as mice, challenge the idea that internally focused, high-level cognitive operations, such as introspection, autobiographical memory retrieval, planning the future, and predicting someone else's thoughts, are evolutionarily preserved defining properties of the DMN. A recent human study demonstrated that demanding cognitive shifts could recruit the DMN, yet it is unknown whether this holds for non human species. Therefore, wetested whether large changes in cognitive context would recruit DMN regions in female and male nonhuman primates. Such changes were measured as displacements of spatial attentional weights based on internal rules of relevance (spatial shifts) compared with maintaining attentional weights at the same location (stay events). Using fMRI in macaques, we detected that a cortical network, activated during shifts, largely overlapped with the DMN. Moreover, fMRI time courses sampled from independently defined DMN foci showed significant shift selectivity during the demanding attention task. Finally, functional clustering based on independent resting state data revealed that DMN and shift regions clustered conjointly, whereas regions activated during the stay events clustered apart. We therefore propose that cognitive shifting in primates generally recruits DMN regions. This might explain a breakdown of the DMN in many neurological diseases characterized by declined cognitive flexibility.