Minimum viewing angle for visually guided ground speed control in bumblebees
Minimum viewing angle for visually guided ground speed control in bumblebees
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.038802
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发表时间：
2010-05-15
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Dacke, Marie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baird, Emily;Kornfeldt, Torill;Dacke, Marie
为了控制飞行，飞行昆虫从飞行过程中产生的视觉运动模式中提取信息，称为光流。为了调节它们的地面速度，蜜蜂和果蝇等昆虫保持轴向（从前到后）的光流速率恒定。这种策略的结果是，其性能随检测到轴向光流变化的最小视角（与昆虫纵轴的正面方向的偏差）而变化。该角度越大，将检测到由环境密度变化引起的光流速率的后期变化。本研究的目的是检查的机制，地面速度控制在熊蜂，并确定的视觉范围内的视流地面速度控制测量的程度。大黄蜂被训练在一个由平行的垂直墙壁组成的实验隧道中飞行。当（1）隧道壁之间的距离为15或30 cm，（2）隧道壁上的视觉纹理提供强或弱的光流线索，（3）隧道壁之间的距离在隧道长度的沿着突然改变时，记录飞行。结果表明，熊蜂使用光流线索调节对地速度，并且在23 - 30 °的最小视角下检测到光流速率的变化，其视野延伸到大约155度。通过测量具有低最小视角的视野上的光流，熊蜂能够在遇到环境之前很好地检测和响应环境附近的变化。
To control flight, flying insects extract information from the pattern of visual motion generated during flight, known as optic flow. To regulate their ground speed, insects such as honeybees and Drosophila hold the rate of optic flow in the axial direction (front-to-back) constant. A consequence of this strategy is that its performance varies with the minimum viewing angle (the deviation from the frontal direction of the longitudinal axis of the insect) at which changes in axial optic flow are detected. The greater this angle, the later changes in the rate of optic flow, caused by changes in the density of the environment, will be detected. The aim of the present study is to examine the mechanisms of ground speed control in bumblebees and to identify the extent of the visual range over which optic flow for ground speed control is measured. Bumblebees were trained to fly through an experimental tunnel consisting of parallel vertical walls. Flights were recorded when (1) the distance between the tunnel walls was either 15 or 30cm, (2) the visual texture on the tunnel walls provided either strong or weak optic flow cues and (3) the distance between the walls changed abruptly halfway along the tunnel's length. The results reveal that bumblebees regulate ground speed using optic flow cues and that changes in the rate of optic flow are detected at a minimum viewing angle of 23-30deg., with a visual field that extends to approximately 155deg. By measuring optic flow over a visual field that has a low minimum viewing angle, bumblebees are able to detect and respond to changes in the proximity of the environment well before they are encountered.