A new member of the hypothalamic RF-amide peptide family, LPXRF-amide peptides: structure, localization, and function.
A new member of the hypothalamic RF-amide peptide family, LPXRF-amide peptides: structure, localization, and function.
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DOI：
10.1002/mas.20031
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发表时间：
2005-07
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
K. Ukena;K. Tsutsui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Ukena;K. Tsutsui
最近，我们发现了一种新的下丘脑神经肽与C-末端LPLRF-酰胺序列在鹌鹑脑。这种禽类神经肽被证明能抑制促性腺激素从培养的垂体前叶释放。该肽是第一个在脊椎动物中报道的抑制促性腺激素释放的下丘脑肽。因此，我们称之为促性腺激素抑制激素（GnIH）。在这一发现之后，我们发现GnIH相关肽存在于其他脊椎动物的大脑中，如哺乳动物，两栖动物和鱼类。在所有研究动物中，这些GnIH相关肽在其C-末端具有LPXRF-酰胺（X=L或Q）基序。质谱分析结合免疫亲和层析是鉴定成熟内源性LPXRF-酰胺肽的有力技术。发现所鉴定的LPXRF-酰胺肽定位于下丘脑和脑干区域，并调节垂体激素释放。随后，在脊椎动物脑中表征编码LPXRF-酰胺肽的cDNA。本文综述了下丘脑RF-酰胺肽家族的新成员LPXRF-酰胺肽在脊椎动物中的鉴定、定位和功能。最近的研究对LPXRF-酰胺肽的受体也将进行审查。
Recently, we identified a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide with a C-terminal LPLRF-amide sequence in the quail brain. This avian neuropeptide was shown to inhibit gonadotropin release from the cultured anterior pituitary. This peptide is the first hypothalamic peptide that inhibited gonadotropin release reported in vertebrates. We, therefore, termed it gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH). After this finding, we found that GnIH-related peptides were present in the brains of other vertebrates, such as mammals, amphibians, and fish. These GnIH-related peptides possessed a LPXRF-amide (X=L or Q) motif at their C-termini in all investigated animals. Mass spectrometric analyses combined with immunoaffinity chromatography were powerful techniques for the identification of mature endogenous LPXRF-amide peptides. The identified LPXRF-amide peptides were found to be localized in the hypothalamus and brainstem areas, and to regulate pituitary hormone release. Subsequently, cDNAs that encode LPXRF-amide peptides were characterized in vertebrate brains. In this review, we summarize the identification, localization, and function of a new member of the hypothalamic RF-amide peptide family, LPXRF-amide peptides in vertebrates. Recent studies on the receptors for LPXRF-amide peptides will also be reviewed.