Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of primisulfuron and nicosulfuron in broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) and corn
Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of primisulfuron and nicosulfuron in broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) and corn
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DOI：
10.1017/s0043174500090585
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Barrett, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gallaher, K;Mueller, TC;Barrett, M
阔叶信号草对烟嘧磺隆敏感，对乙嘧磺隆有抗性，但玉米对两者都有抗性。进行了研究以确定不同的光照水平和空气温度对阔叶信号草和玉米中烟嘧磺隆和啶嘧磺隆的吸收、转运和代谢的影响。处理后 (HAT) 72 小时内，玉米在 GO 和施用的烟嘧磺隆和嘧磺隆之间吸收了 85%，具体取决于环境处理。在较高的温度和光强度下，吸收、易位和新陈代谢都趋于更快。烟嘧磺隆和报嘧磺隆从处理过的叶子中转移出来的量<通过72 HAT吸收的除草剂的4.5%。玉米在两种环境下都能快速代谢这两种除草剂。然而，嘧磺隆的代谢速度比烟嘧磺隆（高 = 95%，低 = 78%）更快（高 = 99%，低 = 92%）。阔叶信号草通过 72 HAT 吸收的烟嘧磺隆比嘧磺隆多 20%。通过72 HAT，烟嘧磺隆从处理叶中转移出阔叶信号草的吸收率为15%，而同一时间段内嘧磺隆的转移量小于或等于4%。在阔叶信号草中，乙磺隆代谢比烟嘧磺隆更快。在前 4 个 HAT 期间，阔叶信号草代谢的乙嘧磺隆比烟嘧磺隆多 20 倍。到72 HAT时，阔叶信号草在高光和高温条件下已经代谢了近90%的所吸收的嘧磺隆，但同时代谢的烟嘧磺隆的吸收量小于或等于7%。这些结果表明，烟嘧磺隆和啶嘧磺隆对阔叶信号草的不同活性可能是基于不同的非植物毒性化合物的代谢速率。吸收和易位差异与阔叶信号草活性的差异一致。此外，环境有可能影响磺酰脲类吸收、转运和代谢的速率。
Broadleaf signalgrass is sensitive to nicosulfuron and resistant to primisulfuron, but corn is resistant to both. Research was conducted to determine the effect of varying light level and air temperature on absorption, translocation, and metabolism of nicosulfuron and primisulfuron in broadleaf signalgrass and corn. Corn absorbed between GO and 85% of the applied nicosulfuron and primisulfuron within 72 h after treatment (HAT), depending on environmental treatment. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism all tended to be more rapid at higher temperature and light intensity. Nicosulfuron and primisulfuron translocation out of the treated leaf was < 4.5% of herbicide absorbed through 72 HAT. Corn rapidly metabolized both herbicides in both environments. However, primisulfuron was metabolized more rapidly (high = 99%, low = 92%) than nicosulfuron (high = 95%, low = 78%). Broadleaf signalgrass absorbed 20% more nicosulfuron than primisulfuron through 72 HAT. Nicosulfuron translocation out of the treated leaf in broadleaf signalgrass was 15% absorbed through 72 HAT,while primisulfuron translocation was less than or equal to 4% during the same time period. Primisulfuron metabolism was more rapid than nicosulfuron in broadleaf signalgrass. During the first 4 HAT, broadleaf signalgrass metabolized > 20 times more primisulfuron than nicosulfuron. By 72 HAT, broadleaf signalgrass under conditions of high light and temperature had metabolized nearly 90% of the primisulfuron absorbed but less than or equal to 7% of the nicosulfuron absorbed was metabolized during the same time. These results suggest that differential activity of nicosulfuron and primisulfuron on broadleaf signalgrass may be based on differential rates of metabolism to nonphytotoxic compounds; uptake and translocation differences agree with the differential broadleaf signalgrass activity. Additionally, environment has the potential to affect rates of sulfonylurea absorption, translocation, and metabolism.