Effects of above- and belowground herbivory of specialists and generalists on the growth and defensive chemicals of introduced and native Chinese tallow seedlings
Effects of above- and belowground herbivory of specialists and generalists on the growth and defensive chemicals of introduced and native Chinese tallow seedlings
复制标题
地上和地下专科和通才食草对引种和本土乌桕苗生长和防御化学物质的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s11104-020-04666-2
复制
发表时间：
2020-08-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Guo, Wenfeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Xiaoqiong;Gao, Xu;Guo, Wenfeng
空间分离的地上（AG）和地下（BG）食草动物可以相互影响并改变植物的生长和防御，尽管地上（AG）和地下（BG）食草动物相互作用的结果可能因食草动物类型而异（专一型和通才型）。在这里，我们探讨了AG和BG专家和通才如何在不同的植物基因型上相互作用。本研究采用一种专业/通用型毛虫为食，一种根结线虫为食。我们比较了两种食草动物之间的相互作用，以及它们是如何影响黄颡鱼的生长和防御化学物质的。野外调查表明，排除AG昆虫后，线虫根结数显著增加。然而，一项普通花园实验表明，AG专门型只促进本地幼苗上的线虫，而AG通才型只促进引进植物上的线虫。在线虫侵染的植物上，专业毛虫的幼虫生物量较低，而通才毛虫的幼虫生物量高于非线虫侵染的植物。实验室生物测定结果一致表明，通用型毛虫对线虫侵染植物的消耗增加，而专用型毛虫的消耗减少。上述AG-BG的相互作用可以部分解释为单宁和黄酮类化合物的变化。草食不同类型的银幼虫，其生物量、单宁含量和黄酮类化合物含量的变化也不同。我们的研究结果表明，草食动物类型在形成AG-BG相互作用中很重要，并强调了测量AG和BG联系对于充分了解植物对不同食草动物群体的反应的重要性。
Spatially separated aboveground (AG) and belowground (BG) herbivores can affect each other and alter plant growth and defense, although the outcome of AG-BG herbivore interactions may vary with herbivore type (specialists versus generalists). Here, we explored how AG and BG specialists and generalists interacted on different plant genotypes. We subjected native and introduced seedlings of T. sebifera to herbivory by a specialist/generalist caterpillar, and BG herbivory by a root-knot nematode. We compared interactions between the herbivores and how they influenced the growth and defensive chemicals in T. sebifera. A field survey showed that AG insect exclusion greatly increased the root knot number of nematodes. However, a common-garden experiment showed that the AG specialist only facilitated nematodes on native seedlings, while the AG generalist only facilitated nematodes on introduced plants. The larval biomass of the specialist caterpillar was lower but that of the generalist caterpillar was higher on nematode-infested plants than on uninfested plants. Consistently, laboratory bioassays showed that consumption by the generalist caterpillar increased on nematode-infested plants, but consumption by the specialist caterpillar decreased. The above AG-BG herbivore interactions could be partially explained by changes in tannins and flavonoids. The changes in biomass, tannins and flavonoids after bouts of AG or BG herbivory were dependent on the type of AG caterpillars. Our results demonstrate that herbivore type is important in shaping AG-BG interactions, and highlight the importance of measuring AG and BG linkages to fully understand how plants respond to different groups of herbivores.