Internal structure of ultralow-velocity zones consistent with origin from a basal magma ocean

Internal structure of ultralow-velocity zones consistent with origin from a basal magma ocean
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超低速带的内部结构与基底岩浆洋的起源一致

DOI:
10.1038/s41561-021-00871-5
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
18.3
通讯作者:
Tkalčić, Hrvoje
Tkalčić, Hrvoje
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pachhai, Surya;Li, Mingming;Thorne, Michael S.;Dettmer, Jan;Tkalčić, Hrvoje

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地震观测揭示了核幔边界的低速异常斑块,称为超低速带。尽管最近取得了进展,但它们的起源和与最低地幔的动态联系仍然不清楚。在这里,我们采用地震数据分析和高分辨率地球动力学建模研究澳大利亚和新西兰之间的珊瑚海下的超低速区的起源。对岩心反射波波形进行分析,并对贝叶斯不确定性进行严格估计,结果表明,在超低速带内,分层密度增加(~30%),剪切波速度降低(~50%)。这些带两侧变薄,位于太平洋大的低切变速度区的边缘。地球动力学模型表明,这些功能是一致的存在成分的不均匀性内的超低速区,可能是由地球的早期分化的残余。我们的结论是,小规模的结构,是从他们的环境组成不同的居住在地幔底部没有完全均匀化,在整个地球的历史。
Seismological observations reveal patches of low-velocity anomalies at the core–mantle boundary known as ultralow-velocity zones. Despite recent advances, their origin and dynamic link to the lowermost mantle remain unclear. Here we employ seismic data analysis and high-resolution geodynamic modelling to study the origin of ultralow-velocity zones beneath the Coral Sea between Australia and New Zealand. The analysis of core-reflected waveforms with rigorous estimation of Bayesian uncertainties shows strong evidence of stratified density increases (~30%) and shear-wave velocity decreases (~50%) within the ultralow-velocity zones. These zones thin on two sides and occur at the edge of the Pacific large low-shear-velocity province. Geodynamic modelling demonstrates that these features are consistent with the presence of compositional heterogeneities within the ultralow-velocity zones that may be caused by the remnants of Earth’s early differentiation. We conclude that small-scale structures that are compositionally distinct from their surroundings reside at the bottom of the mantle without full homogenization, throughout Earth’s history.
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