Dairy consumption and female height growth: prospective cohort study.
Dairy consumption and female height growth: prospective cohort study.
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DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-1163
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发表时间：
2009-06
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Willett WC
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文献类型：
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作者：
Berkey CS;Colditz GA;Rockett HR;Frazier AL;Willett WC
由于牛奶含有营养物质和合成代谢激素，可能会促进身高增长，而这又与乳腺癌风险有关。我们前瞻性地研究了乳制品摄入量与身高增长之间的关联。来自美国各地的 5,101 名女孩完成了年度调查（1996-2001、2003 年），提供身高、体重和过去一年的饮食情况。基线时，所有患者均处于初潮前，年龄超过 9 岁，没有严重的健康状况。我们研究了三个结果：年身高增长、峰值生长速度和成年身高。多变量模型估计了牛奶、奶酪、酸奶和能量对随后生长的影响，并根据种族/民族、年龄、先前身高和体重指数进行了调整。其他模型研究脂肪和蛋白质。每天喝>3 份牛奶的初潮前女孩比每天喝<1 份牛奶的女孩在第二年长高了0.11 英寸（p=0.02）。酸奶（+0.13英寸/杯；p=0.02）预测身高增长，但奶酪或总热量没有。在一个单独的模型中，乳制品蛋白质（+.034英寸/10克；p<0.001）预测身高增长。在基线时，女孩报告的峰值速度更大（> 3杯/天 vs <1：+0.14英寸，p=0.01）），更多酸奶（+0.17英寸/杯，p=0.02），并且在一个单独的模型中，更多乳制品蛋白质（+0.039英寸/10克；p=0.003）。基线牛奶和乳蛋白预测成年人会更高。对于所有结果而言，乳蛋白比乳脂肪更重要。非乳制动物蛋白和植物蛋白从来不显着，非乳制动物脂肪和植物脂肪也不显着。在所研究的食物/营养素中，乳蛋白与身高增长的相关性最强。这些发现表明，牛奶非脂质相中的一个因素（而不是蛋白质本身）对女孩具有促进生长的作用。
Because of its nutrients and anabolic hormones, cow’s milk may promote height growth, which in turn has been related to breast cancer risk. We prospectively investigated associations between dairy intakes and height growth. A cohort of 5,101 girls from throughout the US completed annual surveys (1996-2001,2003) providing height, weight and past-year diet. At baseline, all were premenarchal, aged 9yr+, with no serious medical conditions. We studied three outcomes: annual height growth, peak growth velocity and adult height. Multivariate models estimated the effects of milk, cheese, yogurt, and energy on subsequent growth, adjusted for race/ethnicity, age, prior height and BMI. Other models studied fats and proteins. Premenarchal girls who drank >3servings/day of milk grew 0.11inch (p=0.02) more the following year than girls consuming <1serving/day. Yogurt (+0.13inch/cup; p=0.02), but not cheese or total calories, predicted height growth. In a separate model, dairy protein (+.034inch/10gm; p<0.001) predicted height growth. Larger peak velocities were seen among girls reporting, at baseline, more milk (>3glasses/day vs <1:+0.14inch, p=0.01)), more yogurt (+0.17inch/cup, p=0.02), and in a separate model, more dairy protein (+0.039inch/10gm; p=0.003). Baseline milk and dairy protein predicted taller adults. Dairy protein was more important than dairy fat, for all outcomes. Non-dairy animal protein and vegetable protein were never significant, nor were non-dairy animal fat and vegetable fat. Of the foods/nutrients studied, dairy protein had the strongest association with height growth. These findings suggest that a factor in the non-lipid phase of milk, but not protein itself, has growth-promoting action in girls.