On the polar edge: the status of the northern gannet (Morus bassanus) in the Barents Sea in 2015-16
On the polar edge: the status of the northern gannet (Morus bassanus) in the Barents Sea in 2015-16
复制标题
极地边缘：2015-16 年巴伦支海北部塘鹅 (Morus bassanus) 的状况
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Melnikov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Barrett;H. Strøm;M. Melnikov
在20世纪初北大西洋的种群恢复期间，北方塘鹅于1946年在挪威的伦德建立了第一个殖民地。自20世纪60年代以来，塘鹅在该国北部建立了（后来放弃了）几个小殖民地。这些殖民地已定期监测，并在2015-16约。在挪威北方的7个殖民地中，统计了3300个明显被占据的巢穴（AON）。2008年存在的两个殖民地已被放弃，四个新的殖民地已建立。2015年前，其中两个再次被放弃。1995年，其中一对在俄罗斯科拉半岛的哈尔洛夫建立了殖民地，2016年数量增加到200-250 AON。最新的和世界上最北端的殖民地于2011年在Bjørnøya（熊岛）建立，将该物种的繁殖范围扩展到北极。这些最近的建立被认为是与巴伦支海的变暖和塘鹅的常见猎物如鲱鱼和鲭鱼向北扩散有关。本文记录了塘鹅分布区北方最近的建立、生长和放弃。
ABSTRACT During its population recovery in the North Atlantic in the early 1900s, the northern gannet (Morus bassanus) established its first colony in Norway at Runde in 1946. Since the 1960s, gannets have established (and later abandoned) several small colonies in the north of the country. These colonies have been regularly monitored, and in 2015–16 ca. 3300 apparently occupied nests (AON) were counted in seven colonies in northern Norway. Two colonies that existed in 2008 had been abandoned and four new ones established. Two of the latter were again abandoned before 2015. In 1995, one pair established a colony at Kharlov on the Kola Peninsula, Russia, where numbers increased to 200–250 AON in 2016. The newest and world’s northernmost colony was established at Bjørnøya (Bear Island) in 2011, extending the species’ breeding range well into the Arctic. These recent establishments are thought to be associated with a warming of the Barents Sea and the northward spread of common prey of the gannet such as herring and mackerel. This paper documents recent establishments, growths and abandonments of colonies at the gannet’s northern limit of distribution.