What Are The Respective Roles Of The Public And Private Sectors In Pharmaceutical Innovation?
What Are The Respective Roles Of The Public And Private Sectors In Pharmaceutical Innovation?
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DOI：
10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0917
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Lichtenberg, Frank R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sampat, Bhaven N.;Lichtenberg, Frank R.
公共和私营部门在药物开发中各自的作用是什么？这个问题是一些政策建议的核心，比如那些至少部分由联邦研究资金开发的药物会让政府分享利润。本文利用1988年至2005年批准的药物专利中的信息，提供了有关这些问题的经验数据。总的来说，我们发现政府的直接资助在“优先审查”药物（有时被描述为最具创新性的新药）的开发中比在“标准审查”药物的开发中更为重要。政府资助发挥了间接的作用，例如，通过资助建立在药物发现过程中的基础基础研究，在几乎一半的批准药物和近三分之二的优先审查药物中发挥了间接作用。我们的分析应该有助于对公共研究资金回报的思考——这是经济学家、政策制定者和健康倡导者长期感兴趣的话题。
What are the respective roles of the public and private sectors in drug development? This question is at the heart of some policy proposals, such as those that would give the government a share of profits from drugs at least partly developed with federal research dollars. This paper provides empirical data on these issues, using information included in the patents on drugs approved between 1988 and 2005. Overall, we find that direct government funding is more important in the development of "priority-review" drugs-sometimes described as the most innovative new drugs-than it is for "standard-review" drugs. Government funding has played an indirect role-for example, by funding basic underlying research that is built on in the drug discovery process-in almost half of the drugs approved and in almost two-thirds of priority-review drugs. Our analyses should help inform thinking about the returns on public research funding-a topic of long-standing interest to economists, policy makers, and health advocates.