Optimal fire station locations for historic wood building areas considering individual fire spread patterns and different fire risks
Optimal fire station locations for historic wood building areas considering individual fire spread patterns and different fire risks
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考虑到个别火灾蔓延模式和不同火灾风险，历史木建筑区的最佳消防站位置
DOI：
10.1016/j.csite.2021.101548
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Zhang Hao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hou Guanjie;Li Quanwang;Song Zhigang;Zhang Hao
许多历史悠久的木制建筑地区容易发生火灾。应仔细选择消防站的位置，以提供足够的防火保护。在本研究中，考虑到不同可能火源的独特火灾发展模式以及日常火灾和地震后火灾（PEF）的潜在损失，提出了一种确定最佳消防站位置的创新程序。首先采用基于物理的火灾蔓延分析方法模拟了不同建筑物的火灾蔓延过程；然后选择不同的优化目标来反映决策者对两种火灾风险的态度。采用非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-II）求出pareto最优解，即日火灾平均燃烧损失最小对应的消防站位置和PEF超过可接受火灾损失的最小概率。并以西南某古镇为例进行了实例分析。与传统的最大覆盖选址法相比，该方法平均可减少5%的火灾损失，并讨论了消防队到达时间估计的不确定性和不可接受火灾损失的变化对消防站最优选址的影响。
Many historic wood building areas are susceptible to fire hazards. The location of fire stations shall be carefully selected to provide adequate fire protection. In this study, an innovative procedure to determine optimal fire station locations is proposed considering the unique fire development pattern from different possible fire origins and the potential loss from both daily fires and post-earthquake fires (PEF). The fire spread processes originated from different buildings are firstly simulated using a physics-based fire spread analysis; and then different optimization objectives are selected to reflect the decision makers’ attitudes towards the two fire risks. A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is adopted to obtain the Pareto-optimal solutions, i.e., the locations of fire stations corresponding to the minimum average burnt loss for daily fire, and the minimum probability of exceeding an acceptable fire loss from PEF, respectively. The approach is applied to an ancient town in Southwest China for illustration. The proposed method can reduce the fire loss by 5% on average compared with the traditional max covering location method, and the impacts of uncertainties in the estimate of time for fire brigade to arrive and the change of unacceptable fire loss on the optimal locations of fire stations are discussed.
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基于数值重建的复杂建筑火灾事故分析与调查新模型
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
K. Himoto;K. Mukaibo;Yasuo Akimoto;R. Kuroda;A. Hokugo;Takeyoshi Tanaka
通讯作者：
K. Himoto;K. Mukaibo;Yasuo Akimoto;R. Kuroda;A. Hokugo;Takeyoshi Tanaka
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
C. Revelle;R. Swain
通讯作者：
C. Revelle;R. Swain
DOI：
10.3801/iafss.fss.7-129
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
Fire Safety Science
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Himoto;Takeyoshi Tanaka
通讯作者：
K. Himoto;Takeyoshi Tanaka