Transmission of Neospora caninum between wild and domestic animals
Transmission of Neospora caninum between wild and domestic animals
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DOI：
10.1645/ge-341r
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Nelson, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gondim, LFP;McAllister, MM;Nelson, ME
为了确定鹿是否可以传播犬新孢子虫，将自然感染的白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus）的大脑喂给4只狗;其中2只狗脱落卵囊。其中一只狗的卵囊经聚合酶链反应检测，发现N。哈蒙迪氏菌阴性新菌株（命名为NC-deer 1）的内转录间隔区1（internal transcribed spacer 1）序列与N. caninum，表明N.犬瘟热在野生动物和家畜之间传播，常常足以阻止寄生虫孤立种群的分化进化。将NC-鹿1卵囊给予产生高抗体滴度的小牛，提供了N.野生动物的犬瘟热可以感染牛。此外，N.在64/164（39%）的散养灰狼（Canis lupus）、12/113（11%）的郊狼（Canis latrans）、50/193（26%）的白尾鹿和8/61（13%）的驼鹿（Alces alces）中检测到犬抗体血清阳性率。这些数据与N.犬科动物之间的犬齿。我们推测人类的狩猎活动有利于N.从鹿到犬科动物，因为鹿的尸体通常在野外被取出内脏。犬科动物的感染反过来又增加了将寄生虫传播给家畜的风险。
To determine whether deer can transmit Neospora caninum, brains of naturally infected white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were fed to 4 dogs; 2 of these dogs shed oocysts. Oocysts from 1 of the dogs were tested by polymerase chain reaction and found to be positive for N. caninum and negative for Hammondia heydorni. The internal transcribed spacer 1 sequence of the new strain (designated NC-deer1) was identical to N. caninum from domestic animals, indicating that N. caninum is transmitted between wild and domestic animals, often enough to prevent divergent evolution of isolated populations of the parasite. NC-deer1 oocysts were administered to a calf that developed a high antibody titer, providing evidence that N. caninum from wildlife can infect cattle. In addition, N. caninum antibody seroprevalence was detected in 64/164 (39%) free-ranging gray wolves (Canis lupus), 12/113 (11%) coyotes (Canis latrans), 50/193 (26%) white-tailed deer, and 8/61 (13%) moose (Alces alces). These data are consistent with a sylvatic transmission cycle of N. caninum between cervids and canids. We speculate that hunting by humans favors the transmission of N. caninum from deer to canids, because deer carcasses are usually eviscerated in the field. Infection of canids in turn increases the risk of transmitting the parasite to domestic livestock.