Mechanisms of Training-Related Change in Processing Speed: A Drift-Diffusion Model Approach.
Mechanisms of Training-Related Change in Processing Speed: A Drift-Diffusion Model Approach.
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DOI：
10.5334/joc.310
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
von Bastian CC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reinhartz A;Strobach T;Jacobsen T;von Bastian CC
处理速度是一个关键的能力，随着生命周期的变化而变化。对处理速度的训练干预已显示出有希望的效果，并与认知功能的改善有关。虽然通常使用反应时间（RT）和错误率来研究与训练相关的处理速度变化，但这些措施对训练期间变化的机制提供了有限的见解。漂移扩散模型提供了对加速决策任务背后的认知过程的估计，例如证据积累的速率（漂移率），响应策略（边界分离）以及其他过程的时间，例如刺激编码和运动响应（非决策时间）。在目前的研究中，我们分析了现有的数据，广泛的多会话训练干预，以解开漂移率的变化，边界分离，和非决策时间在不同的快速选择RT任务的培训。在这项训练干预中，30名参与者在四周的时间里进行了20次训练，每次训练完成三项任务：面部匹配、模式匹配和数字匹配任务。我们的研究结果表明，处理速度训练增加了整个训练的漂移率。边界分离和非决策时间减少主要是在训练的初始部分。在所有三项任务中，都观察到这种与训练相关的证据积累率变化以及反应策略和非决策过程的早期变化。未来的研究应该调查这些与训练相关的变化如何与更广泛的认知功能的改善相关。
Processing speed is a crucial ability that changes over the course of the lifespan. Training interventions on processing speed have shown promising effects and have been associated with improved cognitive functioning. While training-related changes in processing speed are often studied using reaction times (RTs) and error rates, these measures provide limited insight into the mechanisms underlying changes during training. The drift-diffusion model provides estimates of the cognitive processes underlying speeded decision tasks, such as the rate of evidence accumulation (drift rate), response strategies (boundary separation), as well as time for other processes such as stimulus encoding and motor response (non-decision time). In the current study, we analyzed existing data of an extensive multi-session training intervention to disentangle changes in drift rate, boundary separation, and non-decision time during training of different speeded choice-RT tasks. During this training intervention, 30 participants performed 20 training sessions over the course of four weeks, completing three tasks each session: a face-matching, a pattern-matching, and a digit-matching task. Our results show that processing speed training increased drift rates throughout training. Boundary separation and non-decision time decreased mostly during the initial parts of training. This pattern of prolonged training-related changes in rate of evidence accumulation as well as early changes in response strategy and non-decision processes was observed across all three tasks. Future research should investigate how these training-related changes relate to improvements in cognitive functioning more broadly.