Your brain on speed: cognitive performance of a spatial working memory task is not affected by walking speed.
Your brain on speed: cognitive performance of a spatial working memory task is not affected by walking speed.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2014.00288
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Ferris DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kline JE;Poggensee K;Ferris DP
当人类在日常生活中行走时，他们通常会在移动中执行一系列认知任务。过去对行走过程中双重认知-运动任务表现变化的研究已经产生了各种各样的结果。这些差异可能与所选择的认知任务类型、所研究的步行速度的差异或缺乏对步行速度的控制有关。这项研究的目的是确定年轻、健康的受试者在不同的步行速度下如何完成空间工作记忆任务。我们使用高密度脑电图来确定皮层电活动是否反映了不同速度下认知表现的变化。受试者分别站立（0.0 m/s）和行走（0.4,0.8,1.2和1.6 m/s）进行和不进行Brooks空间工作记忆任务。我们假设空间工作记忆任务的表现和相关的皮层电活动会随着步行速度而显著降低。在不同的速度下，空间工作记忆任务比没有任务的行走使受试者走得更远。这是一个典型的迹象，表明人类正在调整他们的步态动态，以增加步态稳定性。在认知任务中，几个皮层区域表现出能量波动，时间锁定在记忆编码上。在体感觉关联皮层，α能量在刺激呈现前增加，在记忆编码期间下降。右顶叶上小叶和记忆编码周围的后扣带皮层的θ波能量有明显的小幅度下降。然而，受试者在认知任务表现或皮层电活动方面并没有表现出显著的变化。这些发现表明，在年轻、健康的受试者中，步行速度不会影响空间工作记忆任务的表现。无论行走速度如何，这些受试者在需要时都能将足够的皮质资源用于空间认知。
When humans walk in everyday life, they typically perform a range of cognitive tasks while they are on the move. Past studies examining performance changes in dual cognitive-motor tasks during walking have produced a variety of results. These discrepancies may be related to the type of cognitive task chosen, differences in the walking speeds studied, or lack of controlling for walking speed. The goal of this study was to determine how young, healthy subjects performed a spatial working memory task over a range of walking speeds. We used high-density electroencephalography to determine if electrocortical activity mirrored changes in cognitive performance across speeds. Subjects stood (0.0 m/s) and walked (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 m/s) with and without performing a Brooks spatial working memory task. We hypothesized that performance of the spatial working memory task and the associated electrocortical activity would decrease significantly with walking speed. Across speeds, the spatial working memory task caused subjects to step more widely compared with walking without the task. This is typically a sign that humans are adapting their gait dynamics to increase gait stability. Several cortical areas exhibited power fluctuations time-locked to memory encoding during the cognitive task. In the somatosensory association cortex, alpha power increased prior to stimulus presentation and decreased during memory encoding. There were small significant reductions in theta power in the right superior parietal lobule and the posterior cingulate cortex around memory encoding. However, the subjects did not show a significant change in cognitive task performance or electrocortical activity with walking speed. These findings indicate that in young, healthy subjects walking speed does not affect performance of a spatial working memory task. These subjects can devote adequate cortical resources to spatial cognition when needed, regardless of walking speed.
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影响因子：
1.7
作者：
BROOKS, LR
通讯作者：
BROOKS, LR
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Granacher, Urs;Bridenbaugh, Stephanie A.;Kressig, Reto W.
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Kressig, Reto W.
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作者：
Bastiaansen, MCM;Posthuma, D;de Geus, EJC
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de Geus, EJC
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Gwin, Joseph T.;Gramann, Klaus;Ferris, Daniel P.
通讯作者：
Ferris, Daniel P.
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3.2
作者：
Behrman, AL;Lawless-Dixon, AR;Harkema, SJ
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Harkema, SJ