REVIEW: Animal Identification Systems in North America
REVIEW: Animal Identification Systems in North America
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评论：北美的动物识别系统
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. L. Morris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Murphy;J. Scanga;K. Belk;G. Smith;D. Pendell;D. L. Morris
摘要 北美牲畜疾病爆发或其他动物健康事件的威胁是真实存在的。然而，预测爆发的时间和严重程度可能极其困难。动物识别和追溯计划有助于限制疾病的传播。本次审查的总体目标是评估和比较北美的动物识别和追溯系统。针对加拿大牛、羊和墨西哥牛的强制性动物识别计划旨在控制和消除限制贸易的疾病，并维持或进入国际市场。相比之下，美国选择实施国家动物识别系统作为牛、羊和猪的自愿计划。然而，美国养羊业自 2001 年起就实施了强制性国家痒病根除计划，美国猪肉业也独立实施了强制性猪场登记，目标是到 2007 年 12 月 31 日实现 100% 合规，并实施强制猪识别计划，目标是到 2008 年 12 月 31 日完全合规。同样，加拿大国家生猪追溯和识别系统将于 2008 年成为一项强制性计划。随着国家动物识别计划的实施，应对动物疾病爆发的能力大大增强。
ABSTRACT The threat of a livestock disease outbreak or other animal health events in North America is real. However, predicting both the timing and severity of an outbreak can be extremely difficult. Animal identification and traceability programs can help limit the spread of disease. The overall objective of this review is to evaluate and compare animal identification and traceability systems in North America. Mandated animal identification programs, which exist for Canadian cattle and sheep and Mexican cattle, are designed to control and eradicate trade-limiting diseases and to maintain or gain access to international markets. In contrast, the United States has chosen to implement the National Animal Identification System as a voluntary program for cattle, sheep, and swine. However, the US sheep industry has operated with a mandatory National Scrapie Eradication Program since 2001, and the US pork industry has independently implemented a mandatory swine premises registry, which targeted 100% compliance by December 31, 2007, and a mandatory swine identification program targeting full compliance by December 31, 2008. Likewise, the Canadian National Hog Traceability and Identification System will become a mandatory program in 2008. It is recognized that a country’s ability to respond to an animal disease outbreak is greatly enhanced with the implementation of a national animal identification program.