Evidence of climate‐driven selection on tree traits and trait plasticity across the climatic range of a riparian foundation species
Evidence of climate‐driven selection on tree traits and trait plasticity across the climatic range of a riparian foundation species
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DOI：
10.1111/mec.16645
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发表时间：
2022-08
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
H. Cooper;R. Best;Lela Andrews;Jaclyn P. M. Corbin;Iris J. Garthwaite;K. Grady;C. Gehring;K. Hultine;T. Whitham;G. Allan
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文献类型：
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作者：
H. Cooper;R. Best;Lela Andrews;Jaclyn P. M. Corbin;Iris J. Garthwaite;K. Grady;C. Gehring;K. Hultine;T. Whitham;G. Allan
异质气候条件对数量性状的选择可能导致物种范围内的显着性状变异。然而，在快速变化的环境中，了解性状可塑性的选择同样重要。为了评估选择在驱动广泛物种性状差异及其相关可塑性方面的作用，我们比较了分布于亚利桑那州的基础河岸杨（弗里蒙特杨）的分子和数量性状变异。利用在三个共同花园中相互种植的 16 个种群的 SNP 数据和基因型，我们首先进行了 QST-FST 分析，以检测性状选择和性状可塑性。然后，我们利用性状气候和可塑性气候回归探索了选择的环境驱动因素。得出了三个主要发现：（1）每个共同花园中表达的性状以及跨花园性状的表型可塑性都存在显着的遗传变异，这两者都是可遗传的。 (2)基于QST-FST比较，所有测量的性状都有选择的证据；然而，这一结果从在一个花园中没有影响到在另一个花园中非常显着不等，表明对过去选择的检测取决于环境。我们还发现了强有力的证据，表明两个性状在不同环境中的可塑性选择存在差异。 (3) 性状和/或其可塑性通常与种群来源气候相关（R2 分别高达 0.77 和 0.66）。这些结果表明，西南地区陡峭的气候梯度在塑造目前正在经历气候变化的人群和基因型的不同表型反应的演变中发挥了重要作用。
Selection on quantitative traits by heterogeneous climatic conditions can lead to substantial trait variation across a species range. In the context of rapidly changing environments, however, it is equally important to understand selection on trait plasticity. To evaluate the role of selection in driving divergences in traits and their associated plasticities within a widespread species, we compared molecular and quantitative trait variation in Populus fremontii (Fremont cottonwood), a foundation riparian distributed throughout Arizona. Using SNP data and genotypes from 16 populations reciprocally planted in three common gardens, we first performed QST‐FST analyses to detect selection on traits and trait plasticity. We then explored the environmental drivers of selection using trait‐climate and plasticity‐climate regressions. Three major findings emerged: (1) There was significant genetic variation in traits expressed in each of the common gardens and in the phenotypic plasticity of traits across gardens, both of which were heritable. (2) Based on QST‐FST comparisons, there was evidence of selection in all traits measured; however, this result varied from no effect in one garden to highly significant in another, indicating that detection of past selection is environmentally dependent. We also found strong evidence of divergent selection on plasticity across environments for two traits. (3) Traits and/or their plasticity were often correlated with population source climate (R2 up to .77 and .66, respectively). These results suggest that steep climate gradients across the Southwest have played a major role in shaping the evolution of divergent phenotypic responses in populations and genotypes now experiencing climate change.