Understanding toddlers' in-home injuries: II. Examining parental strategies, and their efficacy, for managing child injury risk
Understanding toddlers' in-home injuries: II. Examining parental strategies, and their efficacy, for managing child injury risk
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DOI：
10.1093/jpepsy/jsh047
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Littlejohn, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morrongiello, BA;Ondejko, L;Littlejohn, A
多方法策略（即，问卷调查、伤害事件记录日记、电话和家庭访谈）被用来研究幼儿在3个月内经历的家庭伤害，并确定父母在逐个房间的基础上实施的有效降低儿童伤害风险的预期预防策略。父母使用了三种类型的预防策略：环境（例如，危险消除，防止接近的安全装置），父母（例如，增加监督，父母修改他们自己的行为以减少他们孩子的伤害风险），以及基于孩子的（例如，教学规则或禁令，以促进安全），与家长往往使用这些组合。这些策略的使用及其降低受伤风险的功效因房间而异。尽管如此，两个一般性的结论是支持：（1）强调以儿童为基础的战略从来没有减少，往往会提高，受伤的风险，幼儿;（2）父母和环境的策略，无论是单独或组合，服务的保护功能，显着降低儿童的家庭伤害的风险。虽然2至3岁儿童的父母通常会从环境和监督策略过渡到使用教学和基于规则的策略来管理伤害风险，但过早这样做显然会增加儿童在家中受伤的风险。
Multimethod strategies (i.e., questionnaires, injury-event recording diaries, and telephone and home interviews) were used to study in-home injuries experienced by toddlers over a 3-month period and to identify anticipatory prevention strategies implemented by parents, on a room-by-room basis, that effectively reduced child injury risk. Three types of prevention strategies were used by parents: environmental (e.g., hazard removal, safety devices to prevent access), parental (e.g., increased supervision, parent modification of their own behavior to decrease injury risk for their child), and child based (e.g., teaching rules or prohibitions to promote safety), with parents often using a combination of these. Use of these strategies, and their efficacy to reduce injury risk, varied on a room-by-room basis. Nonetheless, two general conclusions are supported: (1) An emphasis on child-based strategies never decreases, and often elevates, risk of injury to toddlers; and (2) parental and environmental strategies, either singularly or in combination, serve protective functions that significantly reduce children's risk of in-home injury. Although it is commonplace for parents of children between 2 and 3 years of age to transition from environmental and supervision strategies to the use of teaching and rule-based ones to manage injury risk, doing so too early clearly elevates children's risk of injury in the home.