Effect of gender and defensive opponent on the biomechanics of sidestep cutting
Effect of gender and defensive opponent on the biomechanics of sidestep cutting
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DOI：
10.1249/01.mss.0000128180.51443.83
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Van Den Bogert, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McLean, SG;Lipfert, SW;Van Den Bogert, AJ
目的：前十字韧带 (ACL) 损伤经常发生在女性在躲避防守球员的切入动作中。已经观察到膝关节运动学的性别差异，但尚不清楚这些差异在多大程度上与运动链其他部位的神经肌肉控制异常有关。对防守球员的反应可能与性别有关，但之前的研究并未包括在内。这项研究确定了性别和防守球员在闪避过程中对整个下肢生物力学的影响。方法：八名男性和八名女性受试者在有或没有静态防守对手的情况下进行侧步切入，同时记录 3D 运动和地面反作用力数据。八个选定的运动和力变量的峰值及其试验间变异性被提交给双向（防御 X 性别）方差分析。 Bonferroni 校正的 alpha 水平为 0.003 表示具有统计显着性。结果：女性的髋部和膝部屈曲、髋部和膝部内旋以及髋部外展较少。女性的膝外翻和足内旋角度较高，膝外翻和内旋的变异性也更大。男女防守球员的内侧地面反作用力以及髋部和膝部的屈曲和外展都会增加。结论：模拟防守球员会增加下肢运动和力量，应该成为实验室回避方案的有用补充。关节运动学的性别差异表明，膝关节外翻增加可能会增加女性 ACL 损伤的风险，并且髋关节和踝关节可能在侧步过程中控制膝关节外翻方面发挥重要作用。考虑整个下肢有助于理解损伤机制，并可能导致更好的损伤预防训练计划。
Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries often occur in women during cutting maneuvers to evade a defensive player. Gender differences in knee kinematics have been observed, but it is not known to what extent these are linked to abnormal neuromuscular control elsewhere in the kinetic chain. Responses to defense players, which may be gender-dependent, have not been included in previous studies. This study determined the effects of gender and defense player on entire lower extremity biomechanics during sidestepping. Methods: Eight male and eight female subjects performed sidestep cuts with and without a static defensive opponent while 3D motion and ground reaction force data were recorded. Peak values of eight selected motion and force variables were, as well as their between-trial variabilities, submitted to a two-way (defense X gender) ANOVA. A Bonferroni-corrected alpha level of 0.003 denoted statistical significance. Results: Females had less hip and knee flexion, hip and knee internal rotation, and hip abduction. Females had higher knee valgus and foot pronation angles, and increased variability in knee valgus and internal rotation. Increased medial ground reaction forces and flexion and abduction in the hip and knee occurred with the defensive player for both genders. Conclusions: A simulated defense player causes increased lower limb movements and forces, and should be a useful addition to laboratory protocols for sidestepping. Gender differences in the joint kinematics suggest that increased knee valgus may contribute to ACL injury risk in women, and that the hip and ankle may play an important role in controlling knee valgus during sidestepping. Consideration of the entire lower extremity contributes to an understanding of injury mechanisms and may lead to better training programs for injury prevention.