Standardized descriptions of primate locomotor and postural modes
Standardized descriptions of primate locomotor and postural modes
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02381373
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Youlatos, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunt, KD;Cant, JGH;Youlatos, D
随着灵长类位置行为定量研究的不断积累，缺乏标准的位置模式术语正成为一个日益严重的缺陷。传统术语的不一致使用和模式类别的不适当合并阻碍了种间和观察者间的比较。一些工人使用没有定义的通用术语，至少存在误解的可能性。其他研究人员根据他们的研究物种创造了新词，但定义不够明确，无法应用于其他物种。这些新词可能重叠、可能完全包含或可能混淆先前定义的标签。其结果是，最好的情况是同义词的激增，而最坏的情况是，在本来存在清晰度的地方造成混乱。历史先例有时会产生“包罗万象”的术语，这些术语将许多运动学上不同的行为混为一谈（例如“分臂”、“攀爬”和“四肢攀爬”）。我们认识到位置模式的区分在当前具有一定重要性的三个领域：（1）需要肱骨外展的模式应与内收行为区分开来； (2) 涉及上升或下降的运动模式应与水平运动模式区分开来； (3) 暂停模式应与支持模式区分开来。我们推荐的命名法不专用于或源自灵长类动物的任何一个分类学子集。在这里，我们定义了 32 种灵长类位置模式，更细分为 52 种姿势子模式和 74 种运动子模式。
As quantitative studies on primate positional behavior accumulate the lack of a standard positional mode terminology is becoming an increasingly serious deficiency. Inconsistent use of traditional terms and inappropriate conflation of mode categories hamper interspecific and interobserver comparisons. Some workers use common terms without definition, allowing at least the possibility of misunderstanding. Other researchers coin neologisms tailored to their study species and not clearly enough defined to allow application to other species. Such neologisms may overlap, may completely encompass, or may conflate previously defined labels. The result is, at best, the proliferation of synonyms and, at worst, the creation of confusion where clarity had existed. Historical precedents have sometimes resulted in ''catch-all'' terms that conflate any number of kinematically different behaviors (e.g. ''brachiation,'' ''climbing,'' and ''quadrumanous climbing''). We recognize three areas where distinction of positional modes has some current importance: (1) Modes that require humeral abduction should be distinguished from adducted behaviors; (2) locomotor modes that involve ascent or descent should be distinguished from horizontal locomotor modes; and (3) suspensory modes should be distinguished from supported modes. We recommend a nomenclature that is not dedicated to or derived from any one taxonomic subset of the primates. Here we define 32 primate positional modes, divided more finely into 52 postural sub-modes and 74 locomotor sub-modes.