Building the Evidence Base for Population-Level Interventions: Barriers and Opportunities
Building the Evidence Base for Population-Level Interventions: Barriers and Opportunities
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DOI：
10.1177/1090198114568429
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Silva, Sandra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lifsey, Sarah;Cash, Amanda;Silva, Sandra
人口一级的干预措施侧重于政策、制度和环境变化战略，越来越多地被用来影响和改善人口的健康。与此同时，越来越重视实施循证公共卫生做法和方案规划，特别是在联邦一级。在没有通过高度严格的方法证明有效性的情况下评估人口健康领域的战略，在规划和根据现有最佳证据采取行动之间引入了固有的紧张关系，等待更严格的证据出现，以及探索创新的方法来评估和模拟基于证据的战略。本文介绍了创建一个资源，帮助公共卫生从业人员使用现有的证据进行战略决策，同时建立人口水平干预措施的证据基础。该资源解决了目前在评价人口水平的干预措施，包括内部和外部有效性之间的紧张关系，需要包括健康公平的措施，以及忠实于干预措施和适应社区环境之间的平衡领域的讨论的主题。该资源旨在通过为从业人员、项目管理人员和评估人员提供使用、审查和添加现有证据库的实用指南，推动该领域证据的发展。
Population-level interventions focused on policy, systems, and environmental change strategies are increasingly being used to affect and improve the health of populations. At the same time, emphasis on implementing evidence-based public health practices and programming is increasing, particularly at the federal level. Valuing strategies in the population health domain without the benefit of demonstrated efficacy through highly rigorous methods introduces an inherent tension between planning and acting on the best evidence available, waiting for more rigorous evidence to emerge, as well as exploring innovative ways to evaluate and model evidence-based strategies. This article describes the creation of a resource that helps public health practitioners use current evidence for strategic decision making while building the evidence base for population-level interventions. The resource addresses topics of current discussion in the field of evaluating population-level interventions, including the tension between internal and external validity, the need to include measures of health equity, and the balance between fidelity to the intervention and adaptation to the community context. The resource is intended to advance development of evidence in the field by providing practitioners, project managers, and evaluators with a practical guide for using, reviewing, and adding to the existing evidence base.