Climate and Surface Mass Balance at Glaciar Perito Moreno, Southern Patagonia
Climate and Surface Mass Balance at Glaciar Perito Moreno, Southern Patagonia
复制标题
巴塔哥尼亚南部佩里托莫雷诺冰川的气候和表面质量平衡
DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-22-0294.1
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Fujita Koji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Minowa Masahiro;Skvarca Pedro;Fujita Koji
南巴塔哥尼亚冰川的质量收支的特点是极端数量的表面消融。为了了解控制表面质量平衡的过程，我们分析了1996年至2020年期间在南美洲巴塔哥尼亚南部的Glaciar佩里托Moreno终点附近的25年原位数据，包括气象变量和消融标桩。在研究期间，年平均气温以每10年0.2°C的速度上升。能量平衡模型被应用到计算一个点表面的质量平衡，根据气象记录。平均点表面质量平衡估计为-16.3米水当量（w.e.）。1996年至2020年，年平均减少量为-0.4至-0.9 m w.e.。yr-1 decade-1.感热通量对地表能量平衡的贡献最大，其变化驱动着地表物质平衡的变化。将气象和地表物质平衡记录与南方环形模式和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动进行了比较，这些模式改变了巴塔哥尼亚南部的大气环流，并影响了冰川终点附近的地表物质平衡。我们的长期数据集调查了详细的气象条件和地表质量平衡，以及它们与过去25年来大尺度气候变率的联系，这是巴塔哥尼亚首次报道。
The mass budget of southern Patagonian glaciers is characterized by an extreme amount of surface ablation. To understand the processes controlling surface mass balance, we analyzed in situ data including meteorological variables and ablation stakes for the 25 years between 1996 and 2020 near the terminus of Glaciar Perito Moreno in southern Patagonia in South America. The mean annual temperature has increased over the study period at a rate of 0.2°C decade−1. An energy-balance model was applied to calculate a point surface mass balance, based on meteorological records. The average point surface mass balance is estimated to be −16.3 m water equivalent (w.e.) yr−1between 1996 and 2020, decreasing at a rate in the range from −0.4 to −0.9 m w.e. yr−1decade−1. The greatest contribution to the surface energy balance was due to the sensible heat flux, and its variation drove the surface mass balance variation. The meteorological and surface mass balance records were compared with the Southern Annular Mode and El Niño–Southern Oscillation, which change the atmospheric circulation over southern Patagonia and influence surface mass balance near the terminus of the glacier. Our long-term dataset investigates the detailed meteorological conditions and surface mass balance and their connection with the large-scale climate variability over the last 25 years, reported for the first time in Patagonia.