Dietary intake of legacy and emerging halogenated flame retardants using food market basket estimations in Nanjing, eastern China
Dietary intake of legacy and emerging halogenated flame retardants using food market basket estimations in Nanjing, eastern China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113737
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Su, Guanyong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jian, Kang;Zhao, Luming;Su, Guanyong
食品在其整个生命周期(即在生产、使用和处置过程中)不可避免地会受到阻燃剂的污染。为了评估中国典型市场食品中残留和新兴卤化阻燃剂的膳食摄入量，我们调查了27种遗留多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)和16种新兴HFRS(EHFRs)在9类食品(肉类、家禽、水产食品、鸡蛋、乳制品、谷物、蔬菜、坚果和糖)中的分布和分布。从南京市、中国东部的三个市场采集了105份食品样本进行评价。水产食品中多溴二苯醚和EHFRs的浓度最高(分别为0.834 ng/g湿重和0.348 ng/g湿重)，糖中的浓度最低(多溴二苯醚平均为0.020 ng/g湿重，EHFRs为0.014 ng/g湿重)。残留的HFR 2，2‘，4-三溴二苯醚(BDE-17)和EHFR的六溴代苯(HBBz)是调查食品样品中的主要污染物。在某些食品样品中，六溴联苯和2，3-二溴丙基三溴苯基醚(DPTE)的浓度与一些多溴联苯醚的浓度相当。在动物性食品样本中发现的EHFRs总量和总多溴二苯醚浓度显著高于植物性食品样品。将估计的肾综合征出血热总膳食摄入量与其相应的非癌症参考剂量(美国环境保护局)进行比较，表明总体健康风险较低。据我们所知，本研究首次同时检测了中国市场代表性食品中的27种多溴二苯醚和16种EHFRs。在43个被调查的HFRS中，BDE-17、HBBz和DPTE是主要的同源物质，肉类和水产品是多溴二苯醚和EHFRs的主要来源，占当地膳食总摄入量的比例。(C)2019爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Food products are inevitably contaminated by flame retardants throughout their lifecycle (i.e., during production, use, and disposal). In order to evaluate the dietary intake of legacy and emerging halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) in typical market food in China, we investigate the distribution and profile of 27 legacy polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 16 emerging HFRs (EHFRs) in 9 food categories (meat, poultry, aquatic food, eggs, dairy products, cereals, vegetables, nuts and fruits, and sugar). A total of 105 food samples collected from three markets in Nanjing, eastern China were included for evaluation. The highest concentrations of PBDEs and EHFRs were found in aquatic foods (means of 0.834 ng/g wet weight (ww) and 0.348 ng/g ww, respectively), and the lowest concentrations were found in sugar (means of 0.020 ng/g ww for PBDEs and 0.014 ng/g ww for EHFRs). 2,2',4-tribromodiphenyl ether (BDE-17), a legacy HFR, and hexabromobenzene (HBBz), an EHFR, were the predominant pollutants in the investigated food samples. Concentrations of HBBz and 2,3-dibromopropyl tribromophenyl ether (DPTE) were comparable to those of some PBDEs in certain food samples. The concentrations of the total EHFRs and total PBDEs found in animal-based food samples were significantly greater than those in plant-based food samples. Comparison of the estimated total dietary intake of HFRs and their corresponding non cancer reference dose (United States Environmental Protection Agency) suggests a low overall health risk. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to simultaneously determine 27 PBDEs and 16 EHFRs in representative foods from Chinese markets. BDE-17, HBBz, and DPTE were the predominant congeners among the 43 investigated HFRs and meat and aquatic foods were the primary sources of PBDEs and EHFRs to the total local dietary intake. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.