Differences between tailpipe and dilution tunnel sub-23 nm nonvolatile (solid) particle number measurements
Differences between tailpipe and dilution tunnel sub-23 nm nonvolatile (solid) particle number measurements
复制标题
尾管和稀释通道亚 23 nm 非挥发性（固体）颗粒数测量之间的差异
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
B. Giechaskiel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Giechaskiel
摘要欧盟车辆和发动机法规要求在稀释通道中测量直径>23 nm的非挥发性（固体）颗粒。2019年，决定将>10 nm的颗粒纳入后欧6/VI法规。最近的研究表明，23 nm以下的测量不仅容易受到挥发性伪影的影响（即，颗粒数系统的蒸发管下游的再成核）而且也与非挥发性人工产物（即，在车辆和颗粒数系统之间的管道中或在颗粒数系统本身中形成的非挥发性颗粒）。为了研究不挥发性颗粒形成的起源，稳态测试与轻便摩托车，压缩天然气（CNG），柴油车，而再生进行。在尾管和稀释隧道与蒸发管或催化汽提器和冷凝颗粒计数器（CPC）在2.5 nm，4 nm，10 nm和23 nm的50%的检测效率的系统被使用。结果表明，当设施预处理不适当时，稀释通道处的亚23 nm颗粒浓度高于尾管处的亚23 nm颗粒浓度，废气温度超过300 °C，并且排放高浓度的半挥发性材料（例如，再生、润滑油）。
Abstract European Union vehicle and engine regulations require measurement of nonvolatile (solid) particles with diameter >23 nm at the dilution tunnel. In 2019 it was decided to include particles >10 nm in the post Euro 6/VI regulations. Recent studies showed that sub-23 nm measurements are not only susceptible to volatile artifacts (i.e., re-nucleation downstream of the evaporation tube of the particle number system) but also to nonvolatile artifacts (i.e., nonvolatile particles formed in the tubing between the vehicle and the particle number system or in the particle number system itself). In order to investigate the origin of the nonvolatile particle formation, steady-state tests with a moped, a compressed natural gas (CNG), and a diesel vehicle while regenerating were conducted. Systems at the tailpipe and the dilution tunnel with evaporation tubes or catalytic strippers and condensation particle counters (CPCs) with 50% detection efficiencies at 2.5 nm, 4 nm, 10 nm, and 23 nm were used. The results showed higher concentrations of sub-23 nm particles at the dilution tunnel than at the tailpipe when facility preconditioning was not appropriate, the exhaust gas temperature exceeded 300 °C, and high concentrations of semi-volatile material were emitted (e.g., regenerations, lubricant oil).