Risk factors for active trachoma and ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in treatment-naïve trachoma-hyperendemic communities of the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea Bissau.
Risk factors for active trachoma and ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in treatment-naïve trachoma-hyperendemic communities of the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea Bissau.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0002900
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发表时间：
2014-06
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Bailey RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Last AR;Burr SE;Weiss HA;Harding-Esch EM;Cassama E;Nabicassa M;Mabey DC;Holland MJ;Bailey RL
沙眼是由沙眼衣原体眼部感染引起的，在几内亚比绍的比热戈斯群岛是高流行病。了解这些偏远和孤立岛屿上与活动性沙眼和感染相关的风险因素，这是其他地方描述的沙眼流行环境的非典型性，对于实施沙眼消除战略至关重要。在四个岛屿上进行了一项基于人口的沙眼患病率横断面调查。我们进行了一项基于沙眼的风险因素调查，使用世界卫生组织（WHO）简化分级系统检查参与者的沙眼，并从293个随机选择的家庭中收集了1507名参与者的结膜拭子样本。使用Roche Amplicor CT/NG PCR检测试剂盒检测从结膜拭子中提取的DNA。活动性（滤泡性和/或炎性）沙眼的患病率总体为11%（167/1508），1-9岁奥尔兹为22%（136/618）。C.沙眼感染率为18%，1-9奥尔兹为25%。活动性沙眼与眼、鼻分泌物、C.沙眼感染、年轻、男性和家庭水源类型。C.沙眼感染与年轻、眼分泌物、家庭水源类型和厕所周围苍蝇的存在独立相关。在这个偏远的岛屿环境中，与苍蝇种群、卫生行为和用水有关的家庭水平的风险因素可能是眼衣原体传播的重要因素。沙眼感染和活动性沙眼的患病率。这可能是重要的，在沙眼控制环境措施的实施。沙眼是由沙眼衣原体引起的眼部感染，是世界范围内导致失明的主要传染性原因。世界卫生组织的消除战略包括社区大规模口服抗生素治疗、卫生和面部清洁教育以及环境改善。以人口为基础的沙眼患病率调查是至关重要的，以确定是否需要社区干预。沙眼和衣原体相关危险因素的知识。在特定环境下的沙眼感染可能有助于优先开展消除沙眼活动。我们进行了一项沙眼患病率调查，以确定活动性（滤泡性和/或炎性）沙眼和沙眼衣原体的患病率。几内亚比绍比热戈斯群岛的沙眼感染。我们还收集了调查参与者的家庭风险因素数据。活动性沙眼患病率为11%，1-9岁儿童为22%。C.沙眼感染率总体为18%，1-9岁儿童为25%。活动性沙眼和C.沙眼感染有很强的相关性。疾病和感染的危险因素相似。在这种环境中，面部清洁度（眼和鼻分泌物）和与苍蝇种群、卫生行为和用水有关的家庭水平风险因素的测量可能对C.沙眼传播这可能会影响到消除沙眼活动的实施。
Trachoma, caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, is hyperendemic on the Bijagós Archipelago of Guinea Bissau. An understanding of the risk factors associated with active trachoma and infection on these remote and isolated islands, which are atypical of trachoma-endemic environments described elsewhere, is crucial to the implementation of trachoma elimination strategies. A cross-sectional population-based trachoma prevalence survey was conducted on four islands. We conducted a questionnaire-based risk factor survey, examined participants for trachoma using the World Health Organization (WHO) simplified grading system and collected conjunctival swab samples for 1507 participants from 293 randomly selected households. DNA extracted from conjunctival swabs was tested using the Roche Amplicor CT/NG PCR assay. The prevalence of active (follicular and/or inflammatory) trachoma was 11% (167/1508) overall and 22% (136/618) in 1–9 year olds. The prevalence of C. trachomatis infection was 18% overall and 25% in 1–9 year olds. There were strong independent associations of active trachoma with ocular and nasal discharge, C. trachomatis infection, young age, male gender and type of household water source. C. trachomatis infection was independently associated with young age, ocular discharge, type of household water source and the presence of flies around a latrine. In this remote island environment, household-level risk factors relating to fly populations, hygiene behaviours and water usage are likely to be important in the transmission of ocular C. trachomatis infection and the prevalence of active trachoma. This may be important in the implementation of environmental measures in trachoma control. Trachoma, caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. The World Health Organization elimination strategy includes community mass treatment with oral antibiotics, education regarding hygiene and facial cleanliness and environmental improvements. Population-based trachoma prevalence surveys are essential to determine whether community interventions are required. Knowledge of risk factors associated with trachoma and C. trachomatis infection in a particular setting may help prioritise trachoma elimination activities. We conducted a trachoma prevalence survey to establish the prevalence of active (follicular and/or inflammatory) trachoma and C. trachomatis infection on the Bijagós Archipelago of Guinea Bissau. We also collected household risk factor data from survey participants. Active trachoma prevalence was 11% overall and 22% in children aged 1–9 years. C. trachomatis infection prevalence was 18% overall and 25% in children aged 1–9 years. Active trachoma and the presence of C. trachomatis infection were strongly correlated. Risk factors for disease and infection were similar. In this environment, measures of facial cleanliness (ocular and nasal discharge) and household-level risk factors relating to fly populations, hygiene behaviours and water usage are likely to be important in C. trachomatis transmission. This may have implications in the implementation of trachoma elimination activities.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Golovaty, Ilya;Jones, Larissa;Williams, Michelle A.
通讯作者：
Williams, Michelle A.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Gambhir M;Basáñez MG;Burton MJ;Solomon AW;Bailey RL;Holland MJ;Blake IM;Donnelly CA;Jabr I;Mabey DC;Grassly NC
通讯作者：
Grassly NC
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Edwards, Tansy;Harding-Esch, Emma M.;Cumberland, Phillippa
通讯作者：
Cumberland, Phillippa
DOI：
10.1016/0035-9203(91)90470-j
发表时间：
1991-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
BAILEY, R;DOWNES, B;MABEY, D
通讯作者：
MABEY, D
影响因子：
--
作者：
BRECHNER, RJ;WEST, S;LYNCH, M
通讯作者：
LYNCH, M