Sustained Chemosensory Dysfunction during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sustained Chemosensory Dysfunction during the COVID-19 Pandemic
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DOI：
10.1159/000515132
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发表时间：
2021-03-31
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Fjaeldstad, Alexander Wieck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Schwab, Janne;Jensen, Caroline Damsgaard;Fjaeldstad, Alexander Wieck
化学感觉功能障碍（CD）已被证明在预测COVID-19方面具有价值，因为它是该疾病的常见和特异性症状。本研究的目的是调查在SARSCoV-2大流行期间突然出现主观嗅觉和/或味觉丧失的患者CD的持续时间。次要目的是确定CD持续时间的可能预后因素。方法：设计在线基线问卷，评估主观CD。在6周的时间间隔内，向任何患有持续性CD的参与者发送三轮随访问卷，前瞻性评估主观化学感觉功能，并显着延长该队列的随访时间。结果：共有467名参与者完成了基线问卷。在最初丧失后的第一个月内观察到化学感觉功能的最显著改善和恢复。大约2个月后，比率变得停滞，2-4个月后仅观察到很少的改善和恢复。在平均随访95.9天（嗅觉功能障碍）和94.0天（味觉功能障碍）后，86.7%的参与者报告味觉改善，82.6%报告嗅觉改善，55.0%报告味觉完全恢复，43.8%报告嗅觉完全恢复。女性与味觉功能的改善相关。化学感觉丧失的主观严重程度高与嗅觉和味觉恢复率低以及嗅觉功能改善相关。年轻与更好的预后无关。讨论/结论：在最初的化学感觉丧失后2-4个月，化学感觉功能的改善和恢复率下降，这可能表明长期的和可能永久的化学感觉丧失可能是SARS-CoV-2感染的并发症。CD的主观严重程度高可能会恶化改善和恢复化学感觉功能的预后。(C)2021年南Karger AG，巴塞尔
Introduction: Chemosensory dysfunction (CD) has proven valuable in prediction of COVID-19, as it is a frequent and specific symptom of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the duration of CD in patients with sudden subjective olfactory and/or gustatory loss during the SARSCoV-2 pandemic. The secondary aim was to identify possible prognostic factors for the duration of CD. Methods: An on-line baseline questionnaire was designed to assess subjective CD. Three rounds of follow-up questionnaires were sent out to any participants with persistent CD in 6-week intervals, prospectively assessing subjective chemosensory function and extending the follow-up time of this cohort significantly. Results: In total, 467 participants completed the baseline questionnaire. The most significant improvement and recovery of chemosensory function was observed within the first month after the initial loss. Rates became stagnant after about 2 months, and only little improvement and recovery was seen after 2-4 months. After a mean follow-up of 95.9 days (olfactory dysfunction) and 94.0 days (gustatory dysfunction), 86.7% of participants reported gustatory improvement and 82.6% reported olfactory improvement, while 55.0% reported full gustatory recovery and 43.8% re-ported full olfactory recovery. Female gender was associated with better improvement of gustatory function. High subjective severity of chemosensory loss was associated with lower rates of olfactory and gustatory recovery as well as improvement of olfactory function. Young age was not associated with a better prognosis. Discussion/Conclusion: Rates of improvement and recovery of chemosensory function decreased after 2-4 months after initial chemosensory loss, possibly indicating that prolonged and perhaps permanent chemosensory loss may be a complication of SARS-CoV-2 infections. High subjective severity of CD may worsen the prognosis for improvement and recovery of chemosensory function. (C) 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel