Do children and adults with language impairment recognize prosodic cues?
Do children and adults with language impairment recognize prosodic cues?
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DOI：
10.1044/1092-4388(2007/052
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Glattke, Theodore J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fisher, Jennifer;Plante, Elena;Glattke, Theodore J.
目的：韵律线索用于澄清句子结构和意义。两项研究，一项是针对有特殊语言障碍（SIJ）的儿童，另一项是针对有学习障碍史的成年人，旨在确定语言技能差的人是否能像语言正常的同龄人一样识别韵律线索。方法：参与者被要求判断低通过滤的句子是否与未过滤的目标句子相匹配。过滤后的句子要么与目标句子完全匹配，要么在影响句子韵律特征的1到3个参数上存在差异。结果：SIJ儿童在判断低通过滤后的句子与未过滤的目标句子是否匹配或不同方面明显差于正常同龄人。根据反应准确性来衡量，孩子们的表现随着过滤和未过滤句子之间相似性的增加而恶化。成年人对句子的不同反应时间反映了它们的相对相似程度。与同龄人相比，有语言/学习障碍史的成年人在表现准确性上没有差异。结论：鉴于韵律线索有助于语言加工，学龄前特殊语言障碍儿童较弱的韵律技能可能限制了这些儿童从口语韵律线索中获得的益处。成人样本在这项技能上没有表现出类似的弱点，这可能反映了发育差异、样本差异或两者的结合。
Purpose: Prosodic cues are used to clarify sentence structure and meaning. Two studies, one of children with specific language impairment (SIJ) and one of adults with a history of learning disabilities, were designed to determine whether individuals with poor language skills recognize prosodic cues on par with their normal-language peers.Method: Participants were asked to determine whether low-pass filtered sentences matched unfiltered target sentences. Filtered sentences either matched the target sentence exactly or differed on between 1 and 3 parameters that affected the prosodic profile of the sentences.Results: Children with SIJ were significantly poorer than their normal peers in determining whether low-pass filtered sentences matched or were different from unfiltered target sentences. The children's performance, measured in terms of response accuracy, deteriorated as the similarities between filtered and unfiltered sentences increased. Adults revealed a pattern of differential reaction time to sentence pairs that reflected their relative degree of similarity. There was no difference in performance accuracy for adults with a history of language/ learning disabilities compared with their peers.Conclusion: Given that prosodic cues are known to assist language processing, the weak prosodic skills of preschool children with SLI may limit the amount of benefit that these children derive from the presence of prosodic cues in spoken language. That the adult sample did not show a similar weakness in this skill may reflect developmental differences, sampling differences, or a combination of both.