Alcohol-related adverse consequences: cross-cultural variations in attribution process among young adults
Alcohol-related adverse consequences: cross-cultural variations in attribution process among young adults
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DOI：
10.1093/eurpub/ckn007
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Gmel, Gerhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuendig, Herve;Plant, Martin A.;Gmel, Gerhard
背景：关于饮酒和醉酒行为在文化上被接受的社会规范对于接受与酒精有关的不良后果似乎很重要；然而，调查往往忽视了归因方面的差异。这项研究旨在评估在报告与酒精相关的不良后果方面的跨文化差异。它还考虑了不同后果之间的差异，这可能解释了哪种类型的后果(主要是急性或主要是慢性)受归因过程的影响最大。方法：基于参加性别、酒精和文化国际研究(GENACIS)项目的8个欧洲国家的数据，对条件回归模型进行估计。根据通常的饮酒模式将病例与对照组进行匹配，以控制平均饮酒量和危险单一场合饮酒的频率(RSOD)。结果：国家之间的关联模式和后果之间的差异是明显的。北欧和其他欧洲国家之间的区别一直存在。对于某些后果，即主要是急性病例，观察到了较高的相关性变异性。最后，马恩岛和瑞士显示出具体的趋势，各种后果之间存在关联。结论：酒精相关不良后果的报告似乎受到文化规范的强烈影响。后者可以通过将饮酒视为暂停行为来举例说明。与潮湿国家的人相比，那些有酗酒历史或酗酒文化的国家的受访者更有可能将饮酒的后果归因于他们的饮酒。对于与间歇性暂停大量饮酒有关的后果来说，情况尤其如此。
Background: Social norms around what is culturally accepted in terms of alcohol consumption and drunken comportment appear important regarding the acceptance of alcohol-related adverse consequences; however, investigations often neglect to consider differences in terms of attribution. This study aims at assessing cross-cultural differences in the reporting of alcohol-related adverse consequences. It also considers differences across consequences that might explain which type of consequences (mainly acute or mainly chronic) are most affected by an attribution process. Methods: Conditional regression models were estimated based on data from eight European countries participating in the Gender, Alcohol and Culture-An International Study (GENACIS) project. Cases were matched to controls based on usual drinking patterns in order to control for average volume of alcohol and frequency of risky single occasion drinking (RSOD). Results: Differences among the patterns of associations between countries and consequences were evident. The distinction between Nordic and other European countries was persistent. A higher variability of associations was observed for some consequences, namely the mainly acute instances. Finally, the Isle of Man and Switzerland showed specific trends with associations across consequences. Conclusion: Reporting of alcohol-related adverse consequences seemed strongly affected by cultural norms. The latter may be exemplified by viewing drinking as time-out behaviour. Respondents in countries with a stereotypical history of being dry or with a stereotyped binge drinking culture were more likely to attribute consequences to their alcohol consumption than people in wet countries. This was particularly true for consequences that related to episodic time-out heavy drinking.