Plant-insect interactions patterns in three European paleoforests of the late-Neogene-early-Quaternary.
Plant-insect interactions patterns in three European paleoforests of the late-Neogene-early-Quaternary.
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作者：
Adroit B;Girard V;Kunzmann L;Terral JF;Wappler T
数亿年来，植物和昆虫在森林群落中以复杂的方式不断相互作用。这些相互作用往往与气候变化有关。人类活动造成的气候变化可能扰乱了现代生态系统中的这些关系。因此，化石叶组合是很好的机会，调查植物-昆虫相互作用对气候变化的反应。本研究的目的是探讨欧洲新近纪-第四纪过渡期古森林中植物-昆虫相互作用模式差异的可能原因。这是通过三个化石叶组合完成的：Willershausen，贝尔加（均来自德国晚第三纪）和Bernasso（来自法国第四纪早期）。在Willershausen，据测量，有一半的叶子表现出昆虫的相互作用，35%的化石叶子在Bernasso受到昆虫的影响，而在贝尔加只有25%。在Bernasso中，最大比例的这些互动被归类为专家（主要是由于擦伤），而在Willershausen和贝尔加中，这些互动明显更多面手。与以往的研究相反，本研究不支持年平均降水量和温度是影响不同植物-昆虫相互作用模式的主要因素的假设。然而，第一次，我们的研究结果往往支持，氢的季节性和最冷的月份的平均温度可能是影响化石植物-昆虫相互作用的潜在因素。
Plants and insects are constantly interacting in complex ways through forest communities since hundreds of millions of years. Those interactions are often related to variations in the climate. Climate change, due to human activities, may have disturbed these relationships in modern ecosystems. Fossil leaf assemblages are thus good opportunities to survey responses of plant–insect interactions to climate variations over the time. The goal of this study is to discuss the possible causes of the differences of plant–insect interactions’ patterns in European paleoforests from the Neogene–Quaternary transition. This was accomplished through three fossil leaf assemblages: Willershausen, Berga (both from the late Neogene of Germany) and Bernasso (from the early Quaternary of France). In Willershausen it has been measured that half of the leaves presented insect interactions, 35% of the fossil leaves were impacted by insects in Bernasso and only 25% in Berga. The largest proportion of these interactions in Bernasso were categorized as specialist (mainly due to galling) while in Willershausen and Berga those ones were significantly more generalist. Contrary to previous studies, this study did not support the hypothesis that the mean annual precipitation and temperature were the main factors that impacted the different plant–insect interactions’ patterns. However, for the first time, our results tend to support that the hydric seasonality and the mean temperature of the coolest months could be potential factors influencing fossil plant–insect interactions.
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影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Currano, Ellen D.;Labandeira, Conrad C.;Wilf, Peter
通讯作者：
Wilf, Peter
DOI：
10.1080/01811789.1984.10826644
发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE BOTANIQUE DE FRANCE-ACTUALITES BOTANIQUES
影响因子：
--
作者：
DAGET, P
通讯作者：
DAGET, P
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.01.015
发表时间：
2016-03-15
影响因子：
3
作者：
Adroit, Benjamin;Wappler, Torsten;Girard, Vincent
通讯作者：
Girard, Vincent
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Cuevas-Reyes, P;Quesada, M;Oyama, K
通讯作者：
Oyama, K
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.06.007
发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
Currano, Ellen D.;Jacobs, Bonnie F.;Tabor, Neil J.
通讯作者：
Tabor, Neil J.