Two and a half years of routine HIV testing in Botswana
Two and a half years of routine HIV testing in Botswana
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DOI：
10.1097/qai.0b013e318030ffa9
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Moffat, Howard J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steen, Tore W.;Seipone, Khumo;Moffat, Howard J.
背景：博茨瓦纳是第一个引入常规 HIV 检测 (RHT) 的非洲国家。目标：报告 RNT 前 2.5 年的项目数据。方法：RHT 于 2004 年引入。同年晚些时候引入了快速 HIV 检测并得到广泛应用。 RHT 的主要标准是 HIV/AIDS 症状、怀孕、性传播感染以及参加体检。测试也可以自行启动。调查结果：RHT 的规模迅速扩大。 2004 年共有 60,846 人接受了 RHT 检测，2005 年为 157,894 人，2006 年上半年为 88,218 人。通过 RHT 进行的人口检测率分别为每 1000 人 40 人、每 1000 人 93 人、每 1000 人 104 人。 2005年，89%的接受测试者接受了测试，其中69%是女性，31%是男性。 HIV 检测呈阳性的男性比例为 34%，女性为 30%。 2005年进行检测的主要原因是患者意愿（50%）、怀孕（25%）、体检（7%）、临床怀疑（6%）和性传播感染（2%）。随着 RHT 规模的扩大，自愿咨询和检测中心的参与人数也在增加。结论：RITT 已被人们广泛接受，并且没有不良反应或实例的报告。它提供了更多获得预防服务和抗逆转录病毒治疗早期评估的机会。我们相信 RHT 的好处明显大于风险。
Background: Botswana was the first African country to introduce routine HIV testing (RHT).Objective: To report program data for the first 2.5 years of RNT.Methods: RHT was introduced in 2004. Rapid HIV tests were introduced later the same year and are widely available. The main criteria for RHT are symptoms of HIV/AIDS, pregnancy, sexually transmitted infection, and attendance for medical examination. Testing may also be self-initiated.Findings: There has been a rapid scale-up of RHT. A total of 60,846 persons were tested through RHT in 2004 versus 157,894 in 2005 and 88,218 in the first half of 2006. Testing rates in the population through RHT were 40 per 1000 persons, 93 per 1000 persons, and 104 per 1000 persons, respectively. In 2005, 89% of those offered testing accepted, with 69% of those tested being female and 31% male. The proportion of men who tested HIV-positive was 34% versus 30% for women. The main reasons for testing in 2005 were patient's wish (50%), pregnancy (25%), medical examination (7%), clinical suspicion (6%), and sexually transmitted infection (2%). Attendance at voluntary counseling and testing centers has increased parallel to the scale-up of RHT.Conclusions: RITT has been widely accepted by the population, and no adverse effects or instances have been reported. It has provided increased access to preventive services and earlier assessment for antiretroviral treatment. We believe the benefits of RHT clearly outweigh the risks.