Training, maturation, and genetic influences on the development of executive attention
Training, maturation, and genetic influences on the development of executive attention
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0506897102
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发表时间：
2005-10-11
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Posner, MI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rueda, MR;Rothbart, MK;Posner, MI
注意力控制的神经网络涉及前扣带回和外侧前额叶区。这个网络的重要发展发生在3至7岁之间。我们研究了不同年龄的注意力网络的效率，并在5天的注意力训练（实验组）与不同类型的无训练（对照组）在4岁和6岁的儿童。从4岁到6岁，执行注意力和智力都有很大的提高。4岁和6岁的孩子在训练后表现出比对照组更成熟的表现。这一发现适用于注意力网络测试测量的执行注意力网络的行为分数，注意力网络测试表现期间从头皮记录的事件相关电位，以及智力测试分数。我们还记录了努力控制的气质因素和DAT 1基因在注意力个体差异中的作用。总的来说，我们的数据表明，执行注意力网络似乎是在强大的遗传控制下发展的，但在发展过程中，它受到教育干预。
A neural network underlying attentional control involves the anterior cingulate in addition to lateral prefrontal areas. An important development of this network occurs between 3 and 7 years of age. We have examined the efficiency of attentional networks across age and after 5 days of attention training (experimental group) compared with different types of no training (control groups) in 4-year-old and 6-year-old children. Strong improvement in executive attention and intelligence was found from ages 4 to 6 years. Both 4- and 6-year-olds showed more mature performance after the training than did the control groups. This finding applies to behavioral scores of the executive attention network as measured by the attention network test, event-related potentials recorded from the scalp during attention network test performance, and intelligence test scores. We also documented the role of the temperamental factor of effortful control and the DAT1 gene in individual differences in attention. Overall, our data suggest that the executive attention network appears to develop under strong genetic control, but that it is subject to educational interventions during development.