Stress, Mental Health, and Self-Care Among Refugee Teachers in Malaysia
Stress, Mental Health, and Self-Care Among Refugee Teachers in Malaysia
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DOI：
10.1037/aap0000249
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发表时间：
2021-09-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Atapattu, Ranga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gosnell, Nicole M.;O'Neal, Colleen R.;Atapattu, Ranga
鉴于目前的难民危机，被困在邻国的冲突后难民的心理健康至关重要，这些国家往往对难民怀有敌意。目前，已有7000多万人流离失所，其中近100万人被迫离开缅甸。这两项研究旨在强调在实施干预措施之前进行文化敏感性评估的重要性；他们依靠生态发展方法和混合方法模型来检查和探索生活在马来西亚吉隆坡的缅甸难民教师的压力、心理健康（即抑郁和焦虑）和自我保健。在研究1中，参与者包括97名主要是缅甸难民教师和26名居住在马来西亚的非难民教师。研究1采用定量方法，采用横断面法，数据收集于2013年，包括抑郁、焦虑、压力量表和自我保健问卷。研究1的结果表明，与非难民教师相比，难民教师报告的心理健康和压力率明显较高，但自我保健率较低。此外，较高的自我护理率与较低的压力和心理健康症状率相关，这种关联随着年龄的增长而减弱。在2018年的研究2中，定性访谈探讨了来自缅甸的难民教师（n = 11）的压力、心理健康和应对的概念。研究2的定性结果揭示了难民教师在压力、心理健康和自我保健方面的独特定义和经验，以及与难民在一个对难民怀有敌意的国家中成为难民有关的宏观因素。讨论将结果与先前的文献联系起来，并解决了这种文化敏感性评估对未来干预发展的影响。
The mental health of postconflict refugees stuck in limbo in neighboring countries, often hostile to refugees, is critically important, given the current refugee crisis. Currently, more than 70 million people have been displaced, with nearly 1 million forcibly displaced from Myanmar. This pair of studies sought to highlight the importance of a culturally sensitive assessment prior to the implementation of an intervention; they rely on an Ecological Developmental approach and mixed-method model to both examine and explore stress, mental health (i.e., depression and anxiety), and self-care among refugee teachers from Myanmar who are living in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. For Study 1, participants included 97 primarily Burmese refugee teachers and 26 nonrefugee teachers living in Malaysia. Study 1 used quantitative measures, was cross sectional, and data were collected in 2013, including Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales and a self-care questionnaire. Study 1 results suggested that refugee teachers reported significantly higher rates of mental health and stress, but lower rates of self-care, compared with nonrefugee teachers. In addition, higher rates of self-care were associated with lower rates of stress and mental health symptoms, and the association was moderated by age. For Study 2, in 2018, qualitative interviews explored conceptualizations of stress, mental health, and coping among refugee teachers who were from Myanmar (n = 11). Study 2's qualitative results shed light on the unique definitions and experiences of stress, mental health, and self-care among refugee teachers in the context of macrolevel factors related to being a refugee in a country hostile to refugees. The discussion connects results to previous literature and addresses implications of this culturally sensitive assessment for future intervention development.