Experimental Evidence for the Effects of Job Demands and Job Control on Physical Activity After Work
Experimental Evidence for the Effects of Job Demands and Job Control on Physical Activity After Work
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DOI：
10.1037/xap0000333
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Haeusser, Jan A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hadi, Sascha Abdel;Mojzisch, Andreas;Haeusser, Jan A.
本研究在自我调节研究和自我决定理论的基础上，考察了工作需求和工作控制对下班后体力活动的因果效应。在两个实验(总计N=251个)中，参与者完成了一项模拟工作，然后是一项体力活动任务(在自行车测功器上骑自行车)。我们模拟了一个呼叫中心，由客户交互和计算任务组成。在这两个实验中，工作要求(高与低)在受试者之间根据客户不友好和任务难度进行操纵。在实验2中，我们还操纵了作业控制(高与低)在决策纬度方面。正如预测的那样，两个实验都显示了工作需求对体力活动的负面影响，反映出高需求条件下的个体在自行车测功器上的时间比低需求条件下的要少。然而，这种效应并不是通过自我调节能力来调节的。在工作控制方面，我们发现了通过增加自主性对体力活动产生预期间接影响的初步证据。总而言之，我们的结果为工作特征对体力活动的影响提供了因果证据，从而促进了我们对工作溢出到休闲时间的机制的理解。
Building on self-regulation research and self-determination theory, the present research investigates the causal effects of job demands and job control on physical activity after work. In 2 experiments (total N = 251), participants completed a work simulation that was followed by a physical activity task (cycling on a bicycle ergometer). We simulated a call center, consisting of customer interactions and calculation tasks. In both experiments, job demands (high vs. low) were manipulated between-subjects in terms of customer unfriendliness and task difficulty. In Experiment 2, we also manipulated job control (high vs. low) in terms of decision latitude. As predicted, both experiments showed negative effects of job demands on physical activity, reflecting that time on the bicycle ergometer was lower for individuals in the high demands condition compared to the low demands condition. However, this effect was not mediated by self-regulatory capacities. Regarding job control, we found preliminary evidence for the expected indirect effect on physical activity through increased self-determination. In summary, our results provide causal evidence for the influence of job characteristics on physical activity and, thereby, advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the spill-over of work into leisure time.