An Endoscope With 2 DOFs Steering of Coaxial Nd:YAG Laser Beam for Fetal Surgery
An Endoscope With 2 DOFs Steering of Coaxial Nd:YAG Laser Beam for Fetal Surgery
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DOI：
10.1109/tmech.2010.2078828
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发表时间：
2010-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Yamanaka;H. Yamashita;K. Masamune;T. Chiba;T. Dohi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Yamanaka;H. Yamashita;K. Masamune;T. Chiba;T. Dohi
本文报道了一种刚性内窥镜，它提供内窥镜视角，将高功率的红外激光同轴发射到任意点，以光凝身体组织，主要用于治疗双胞胎输血综合征。内窥镜系统包括用于可见光同轴传输的热镜和掺钕铝石榴石激光光束，以及用于从内窥镜尖端引导激光的光学电流扫描器。内窥镜的光学系统是为高功率激光传输而设计的，并实现了小光束。相机和电流镜经过校准，通过对准内窥镜图像上的目标来自动控制激光光斑。通过体外实验对激光传输效率、射角、定位精度和光凝的可行性进行了评价。激光传输效率为34%。然而，内窥镜提供了水平方向24°和垂直方向22°的可变射角。此外，由于空气和水中的误差大多小于1 mm的目标血管直径，因此定位精度足够高。作为一种体外实验，我们通过改变射击角成功地凝固了兔肠系膜血管。
This paper reports a rigid endoscope that provides an endoscopic view and transmits a high-power infrared laser beam coaxially to arbitrary points in the view to photocoagulate body tissue, mainly for treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. The endoscope system consists of a hot mirror for coaxial transmission of visible light and a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser beam, and an optical galvano scanner for steering the laser beam from the endoscope tip. The optical system of the endoscope is designed for high-power laser transmission, and achieves a small laser beam. The camera and galvano mirrors are calibrated to control the laser spot automatically by pointing a target on the endoscopic image. We evaluated the laser transmission efficiency, firing angle, positioning accuracy, and feasibility of photocoagulation by in vitro experiment. The laser transmission efficiency was 34%. However, the endoscope provided changeable firing angles of 24° in a horizontal direction and 22° in a vertical direction. Furthermore, the positioning accuracy was sufficiently high because the errors in both air and water were mostly smaller than the diameter of target vessels of 1 mm. As an in vitro experiment, we successfully coagulated rabbit's mesenteric vessels by changing the firing angle.