“Digital Natives”: How Medical and Indigenous Histories Matter for Big Data
“Digital Natives”: How Medical and Indigenous Histories Matter for Big Data
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“数字原住民”：医学和原住民历史对大数据的影响
作者：
Joanna Radin
本案例考虑了“大数据”领域中的重用政治。它侧重于一个特定的数据收集的历史，提取和数字化的病人记录在纵向流行病学研究的过程中，涉及在美国西南部的吉拉河印第安社区保留地的土著成员。Pima Indian Diabetes Dataset（PIDD）的创建和流通证明了医学和土著历史对大数据研究的价值。通过调整的概念，“数字原生”本身的重用，我认为，历史的PIDD揭示了数据如何变得疏远的人，即使它再现了复杂的社会现实的情况下，它的起源。在这样做的过程中，这段历史突出了与那些认同为土著的社区以及那些不认同的社区相关的道德和政治问题。
This case considers the politics of reuse in the realm of “Big Data.” It focuses on the history of a particular collection of data, extracted and digitized from patient records made in the course of a longitudinal epidemiological study involving Indigenous members of the Gila River Indian Community Reservation in the American Southwest. The creation and circulation of the Pima Indian Diabetes Dataset (PIDD) demonstrates the value of medical and Indigenous histories to the study of Big Data. By adapting the concept of the “digital native” itself for reuse, I argue that the history of the PIDD reveals how data becomes alienated from persons even as it reproduces complex social realities of the circumstances of its origin. In doing so, this history highlights otherwise obscured matters of ethics and politics that are relevant to communities who identify as Indigenous as well as those who do not.