Examination of a cognitive model of stress, burnout, and intention to resign for Japanese nurses
Examination of a cognitive model of stress, burnout, and intention to resign for Japanese nurses
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1742-7924.2010.00161.x
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Nakaya, Takashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ohue, Takashi;Moriyama, Michiko;Nakaya, Takashi
目的：减少护士的职业倦怠，以减少护士的自愿离职。为建立护士压力、职业倦怠与离职意向的认知模型，采用问卷调查法，对某医院多科室工作5年以下的336名护士（男27名，女309名）进行调查。调查内容包括职业倦怠（Maslach Burnout Inventory）、压力（Nursing Job Stressor Scale）、自动思维（Automatic Thoughts Question-Revised）和非理性信念（Japanese Irrational Belief Test），以及辞职意向。结果：影响护士职业倦怠的压力源包括与其他护理人员的冲突、护理角色冲突、定性工作量、定量工作量和与患者的冲突。与倦怠相关的非理性信念包括依赖、问题回避和无助感。为了考察自动思维对职业倦怠的影响，本研究设立了低、高负性自动思维组和低、高正性自动思维组。双因素方差分析显示，这些因素与情绪耗竭有显着的相互作用，但与人格解体和个人成就感没有显着的相互作用。只有主效应是显著的。最终的模型呈现出“应激源-非理性信念-消极自动思维/积极自动思维-倦怠”的过程。此外，职业倦怠和辞职的意图之间的关系showed.Conclusion：这些结果表明，压力和职业倦怠的护士可能会被阻止，离开他们的位置，可以减少改变不合理的信念，理性的信念，减少消极的自动思维，促进积极的自动思维。
Aim:A reduction in burnout is required to decrease the voluntary turnover of nurses. This study was carried out with the aim of establishing a cognitive model of stress, burnout, and intention to resign for nurses.Methods:A questionnaire survey was administered to 336 nurses (27 male and 309 female) who had worked for < 5 years at a hospital with multiple departments. The survey included an evaluation of burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), stress (Nursing Job Stressor Scale), automatic thoughts (Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Revised), and irrational beliefs (Japanese Irrational Belief Test), in addition to the intention to resign.Results:The stressors that affected burnout in the nurses included conflict with other nursing staff, nursing role conflict, qualitative workload, quantitative workload, and conflict with patients. The irrational beliefs that were related to burnout included dependence, problem avoidance, and helplessness. In order to examine the automatic thoughts affecting burnout, groups with low and high negative automatic thoughts and low and high positive automatic thoughts were established. A two-way ANOVA showed a significant interaction of these factors with emotional exhaustion, but no significant interaction with depersonalization and a personal sense of accomplishment. Only the major effect was significant. The final model showed a process of "stressor -> irrational beliefs -> negative automatic thoughts/positive automatic thoughts -> burnout". In addition, a relationship between burnout and an intention to resign was shown.Conclusion:These results suggest that stress and burnout in nurses might be prevented and that the number of nurses who leave their position could be decreased by changing irrational beliefs to rational beliefs, decreasing negative automatic thoughts, and facilitating positive automatic thoughts.