Retinal morphology in Astyanax mexicanus during eye degeneration
Retinal morphology in Astyanax mexicanus during eye degeneration
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.24835
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发表时间：
2019-12-18
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Soares, Daphne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Emam, Amany;Yoffe, Marina;Soares, Daphne
墨西哥硬骨鱼是一个物种，以两种现成的形式存在。生活在墨西哥河流和附近洞穴中的各种汇聚形式的动物。这些鱼出生时有眼睛，但在穴居鱼中，它们在发育过程中退化。已知的是，洞鱼的晶状体经历了凋亡，神经视网膜中的一些细胞也会死亡。然而，如果神经胶质细胞和神经视网膜的各种成分在眼睛完全退化之前形成，这一点还没有描述。在这里，我们研究了生活在河流中的最接近的现存祖先和两种独立适应的穴居鱼的视网膜的发育。我们报道，尽管神经视网膜更小、更致密，但它具有所有细胞类型和层，包括无长突细胞和穆勒胶质细胞。虽然在洞穴鱼的内节中存在各种光感受器标记，但在所研究的最早阶段，洞鱼的光感受器的外节是缺失的。这表明视觉传感盘的机制可能仍然存在，但不是组织在细胞的一个部分中。有趣的是，海鞘鱼的缺陷类似于视网膜疾病，如视网膜色素变性。
The teleost Astyanax mexicanus is one species extant in two readily available forms. One that lives in Mexican rivers and various convergent forms that live in nearby caves. These fish are born with eyes but in the cavefish, they degenerate during development. It is known that the lens of cavefish undergoes apoptosis and that some cells in the neuroretina also die. It has not been described, however, if glia and various components of the neuroretina form before complete eye degeneration. Here we examined the development of the retina of the closest living ancestor that lives in the rivers and two independently adapted of cavefish. We report that although the neuroretina is smaller and more compact, it has all cell types and layers including amacrine cells and Muller glia. While various makers for photoreceptors are present in the cavefish inner segments, the outer segments of the photoreceptors in cavefish are missing from the earliest stages examined. This shows that the machinery for visual transducing discs might still be present but not organized in one part of the cell. It is interesting to note that the deficiencies in Astyanax cavefish resemble retinal diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa.