Object preference by walking fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, is mediated by vision and graviperception
Object preference by walking fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, is mediated by vision and graviperception
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.041749
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发表时间：
2010-07-15
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Dickinson, Michael H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robie, Alice A.;Straw, Andrew D.;Dickinson, Michael H.
行走的果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）使用视觉信息来定位环境中的突出物体，可能是寻找食物，住所或其他资源的搜索策略。然而，人们对视觉或其他感觉方式（如机械感受）在物体到达后的评价中的作用知之甚少。为了研究视觉和机械感受在探索行为中的作用，我们开发了一个大型竞技场，在这个竞技场中，我们可以跟踪单个果蝇走过简单或拓扑结构更复杂的景观。当探索一个简单的，平坦的环境，缺乏三维物体，苍蝇使用视觉线索从遥远的背景，以稳定他们的行走轨迹。当探索一个包含一系列圆锥体的竞技场时，不同的几何形状，苍蝇积极地朝向，爬上，探索物体，大部分时间花在最高，最陡峭的物体上。苍蝇对物体几何形状的行为反应取决于每个物体的内在属性，而不是对附近其他物体的相对评估。此外，这种偏好并不是因为对高而陡的物体有更大的吸引力，而是一旦苍蝇到达并探索了表面，运动行为就会发生变化。具体来说，当苍蝇栖息在高大陡峭的物体上时，它们更有可能长时间停止行走。视觉系统和触角弦音器官（约翰斯顿器官）提供了足够的信息，一个对象的几何形状，以引起观察到的运动行为的变化。只有当这两种感觉系统都受损时，苍蝇才不会表现出对高而陡的物体的行为偏好。
Walking fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, use visual information to orient towards salient objects in their environment, presumably as a search strategy for finding food, shelter or other resources. Less is known, however, about the role of vision or other sensory modalities such as mechanoreception in the evaluation of objects once they have been reached. To study the role of vision and mechanoreception in exploration behavior, we developed a large arena in which we could track individual fruit flies as they walked through either simple or more topologically complex landscapes. When exploring a simple, flat environment lacking three-dimensional objects, flies used visual cues from the distant background to stabilize their walking trajectories. When exploring an arena containing an array of cones, differing in geometry, flies actively oriented towards, climbed onto, and explored the objects, spending most of their time on the tallest, steepest object. A fly's behavioral response to the geometry of an object depended upon the intrinsic properties of each object and not a relative assessment to other nearby objects. Furthermore, the preference was not due to a greater attraction towards tall, steep objects, but rather a change in locomotor behavior once a fly reached and explored the surface. Specifically, flies are much more likely to stop walking for long periods when they are perched on tall, steep objects. Both the vision system and the antennal chordotonal organs (Johnston's organs) provide sufficient information about the geometry of an object to elicit the observed change in locomotor behavior. Only when both these sensory systems were impaired did flies not show the behavioral preference for the tall, steep objects.