Insightful problem solving and creative tool modification by captive nontool-using rooks
Insightful problem solving and creative tool modification by captive nontool-using rooks
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0901008106
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发表时间：
2009-06-23
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Emery, Nathan J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bird, Christopher D.;Emery, Nathan J.
使用工具的能力被认为是动物高级物理认知的标志。在这里，我们表明，乌鸦，一个成员的corvid家庭，似乎不使用工具在野外能够有见地的问题解决有关复杂的工具使用，包括自发修改和使用各种工具，形状钩出电线，并使用一系列的工具序列，以获得奖励。值得注意的是，一个在野外不使用工具的物种似乎对工具的理解可以与习惯使用工具的物种（如新喀里多尼亚乌鸦和黑猩猩）相媲美。我们的研究结果表明，代表工具的能力可能是一个域的一般认知能力，而不是一个适应性的专业化和问题的身体智力和野生工具的使用之间的关系。
The ability to use tools has been suggested to indicate advanced physical cognition in animals. Here we show that rooks, a member of the corvid family that do not appear to use tools in the wild are capable of insightful problem solving related to sophisticated tool use, including spontaneously modifying and using a variety of tools, shaping hooks out of wire, and using a series of tools in a sequence to gain a reward. It is remarkable that a species that does not use tools in the wild appears to possess an understanding of tools rivaling habitual tool users such as New Caledonian crows and chimpanzees. Our findings suggest that the ability to represent tools may be a domain-general cognitive capacity rather than an adaptive specialization and questions the relationship between physical intelligence and wild tool use.