Interplate dispersal paths for megathermal angiosperms
Interplate dispersal paths for megathermal angiosperms
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DOI：
10.1078/1433-8319-00039
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Morley, RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morley, RJ
根据白垩纪和第三纪（自被子植物辐射以来）和冈瓦纳大陆分裂时期的化石证据，回顾了高温被子植物在构造板块之间的扩散。构造板块的分解和重新分布，加上全球变暖和随后明显变冷的阶段，导致了不耐霜植物间歇性扩散机会的形成，并且是决定被子植物多样化方向的主要因素。早白垩世被子植物的辐射似乎与特提斯的形成关系不大。然而，对于白垩纪晚期和第三纪，可以区分九个相关的扩散路线，这些路线可以分为两个不同的类别：在白垩纪晚期和第三纪早期冈瓦纳大陆破裂后形成的路线，当时温暖的气候促进了高温元素在全球范围内的扩散，以及自中始新世以来板块碰撞阶段形成的路线，因为全球气候正在降温，抑制了这种扩散。大多数高温被子植物的板间扩散发生在晚白垩世和早第三纪，当时全球气候与当今明显不同，全球高温植被面积比现在大几倍。在这种情况下，物种形成的机会可能比当今的超大型热电厂要高得多。
The dispersal of megathermal angiosperms between tectonic plates is reviewed on the basis of fossil evidence for the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods, since the radiation of the angiosperms, and the period of break-up of Gondwana. The combination of tectonic plate disassembly and redistribution, coupled with phases of global warming followed by pronounced cooling, has resulted in the formation of intermittent dispersal opportunities for frost-intolerant plants, and has been a major factor in determining the direction of angiosperm diversification. The Early Cretaceous radiation of angiosperms seems to show little relationship to the formation of Tethys. However, for the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary nine relevant dispersal routes can be differentiated that can be divided into two distinct categories: routes which formed following the break-up of Gondwana during the Late Cretaceous and Earlier Tertiary, when warm climates encouraged dispersal of megathermal elements globally, and routes which formed since the Middle Eocene, following phases of plate collision, as global climates were cooling down, inhibiting such dispersal. Most inter-plate dispersal of megathermal angiosperms took place in the Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary at a time when global climates were markedly different from those of today, and the global area of megathermal vegetation several times greater than at present. Under such a scenario, it is likely than opportunities for speciation were much higher than for present-day megathermal plants.