Assessing science
Assessing science
复制标题
评估科学
作者：
Michelle Grayson
中国在《自然》杂志上发表了关于科学的最新新闻和评论。S41发展卓越：中国改革分三步走张杰S43中国在上海开设转化医学中心David Cyranoski S44中国科学实现大规模转型David Cyranoski在过去的几十年里，中国在其强劲的制造业产出的推动下，享受到了经济繁荣。最近，中国利用这笔财富提升了其他技能，现在在研发方面的支出位居世界第二(见S8页)，科学论文产量也位居第二。在这些成就的背后，是推动良好科学行为的动机。在文化大革命中失去了一代科学家后，中国做出了巨大努力，向人们灌输与其他发达国家一致的素质。这些问题在2014年10月由《自然》杂志联合主办的上海研讨会上进行了研究。来自学术界、产业界和科学学会的代表讨论了研究对中国持续发展的重要性，以及如何激发这种重要性(S10)。这一观点受到了辩论的影响，尽管《自然》对所有的编辑内容负有全部责任。与英国和澳大利亚等国家不同，中国没有全国性的研究评估流程。最接近的对比是其最大的研究机构--中国科学院进行的评估(S18)。任何完整的科学衡量标准都必须承认新技术、改善健康和创造就业机会--但中国研究人员在将他们的研究转化为工业应用方面面临制度障碍(S28)。这一进步的核心是中国的科学家，但他们中的许多人都在努力在一个正在经历如此广泛变化的系统中找到自己的方向。尤其是年轻研究人员(S36)和女科学家(S26)渴望能够做出更大贡献的政策。这些改进可能会增强中国的科学敏锐性，并使中国成为全球研究领域的强者。
The latest news and comment on science in China published in Nature. S41 Developing excellence: Chinese reform in three steps Jie Zhang S43 China opens translational medical centre in Shanghai David Cyranoski S44 Chinese science gets mass transformation David Cyranoski Over the past few decades, China has enjoyed economic prosperity, driven by its vigorous manufacturing output. More recently, the country has used this wealth to ratchet up other skills and now has the world’s second largest spend on research and development (see page S8), and the second largest output of scientific papers. Behind these accomplishments are the incentives that drive good scientific behaviour. Having lost a generation of scientists during the Cultural Revolution, the country has made a huge effort to instil qualities that are in line with those of other developed countries. These issues were examined at a symposium held in Shanghai in October 2014, co-hosted by Nature. Representatives from academia, industry and scientific societies talked about the importance of research to China’s ongoing development, and how to stimulate it (S10). This Outlook was influenced by the debates, although Nature takes sole responsibility for all editorial content. Unlike countries such as the United Kingdom and Australia, China does not have a national process of research assessment. The closest comparison is the evaluation undertaken by its largest research organization, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (S18). Any complete measure of science must also recognize new technology, improved health and job creation — but Chinese researchers face institutional obstacles in translating their research into industrial applications (S28). At the heart of this progress are China’s scientists, yet many of them are struggling to find their way in a system that is undergoing such extensive change. In particular, young researchers (S36) and female scientists (S26) crave policies that would enable them to make a greater contribution. Such improvements may fortify China’s scientific acumen and make the country a formidable player in global research.