Adrenocorticotropin and cortisol responses to a naloxone challenge and risk of alcoholism
Adrenocorticotropin and cortisol responses to a naloxone challenge and risk of alcoholism
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DOI：
10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01334-8
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发表时间：
2002-04-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Kranzler, HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hernandez-Avila, CA;Oncken, C;Kranzler, HR
背景：由于阿片类神经传递异常似乎是导致酒精中毒的一些遗传风险的基础，我们研究了阿片类拮抗剂纳洛酮对根据父亲酗酒史区分的非酒精性受试者促肾上腺皮质激素和皮质醇反应的影响。方法：安慰剂对照、平衡、受试者内设计，包括2个测试日，为期3至7天。36名受试者(67%男性；53%父亲病史阳性；平均年龄=25.0岁)进行了筛查，以排除药物滥用或依赖。受试者静脉注射纳洛酮125 mg/kg或安慰剂，疗程按随机顺序进行。结果：在基线和纳洛酮治疗后，促肾上腺皮质激素的反应没有父亲的酒精中毒史的差异；然而，父亲病史阳性的受试者在基线、纳洛酮治疗后15分钟和30分钟表现出更高的皮质醇浓度。父亲病史阳性的受试者对纳洛酮的皮质醇反应峰值也比父亲病史阴性的受试者更早和更大，皮质醇时间曲线下的更大面积的趋势并不显著。结论：这些发现表明，更容易发生酒精中毒的个体可能改变了下丘脑-脑垂体轴(HPA)的动力学，这一发现与越来越多关于阿片能神经传递在酒精中毒遗传风险中所起作用的数据相一致。(C)2002年生物精神病学学会。
Background: Because abnormalities in opioid neurotransmission appear to underlie some of the inherited risk for alcoholism, we examined the effects of naloxone, an opioid antagonist, on corticotropin and cortisol responses in nonalcoholic subjects differentiated by paternal history of alcoholism.Methods: Placebo-controlled, balanced, within-subject design involving 2 test days over a period of 3 to 7 days. Thirty-six subjects (67% male; 53% paternal-history-positive; mean age = 25.0 years) were screened to exclude substance abuse or dependence. Subjects received intravenous naloxone 125 mug/kg or placebo, with sessions in random order. Plasma corticotropin and cortisol were measured for up to 120 min post infusion.Results: Corticotropin responses at baseline and following naloxone did not differ by paternal history of alcoholism; however, paternal-history-positive subjects exhibited greater cortisol concentrations at baseline, and at 15 and 30 min after naloxone administration. Paternal-history-positive subjects also had an earlier and greater peak cortisol response to naloxone and a nonsignificant trend for a greater area under the cortisol time curve than paternal-history-negative subjects.Conclusions: These findings suggest that individuals with greater vulnerability to alcoholism may have altered Hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA) dynamics, a finding that is consistent with a growing body of data on the role of opioidergic neurotransmission in the inherited risk of alcoholism. (C) 2002 Society of Biological Psychiatry.